人工智能在口腔的诊断中的使用:系统性审查
Anushree Tiwari1, Neha Gupta2, Deepika Singla3
1Clinical Quality and Value, American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, Rosemont, USA.
Cureus
|October 16, 2023
概括
人工智能 (AI) 帮助牙医诊断口腔并预测诸如复发性口腔 (RAU) 等疾病. 人工智能模型对准确的口腔病变分类有希望,尽管临床使用需要进一步的数据.
科学领域:
- 牙科 牙科是指牙科的专业.
- 人工智能的人工智能
- 医学诊断 医学诊断 医学诊断
背景情况:
- 人工智能 (AI) 在医疗保健,特别是牙科领域,为快速决策和减少人为错误提供了巨大的潜力.
- 人工智能在诊断疾病,预测预后和开发个性化治疗方面的应用正在越来越多地被探索.
- 对人工智能用于诊断各种口腔的现有研究进行了审查,以了解其当前的作用和局限性.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查有关AI在口腔诊断中的应用现有文献.
- 评估新开发的AI框架的性能,用于从临床照片中对口腔进行分类.
- 评估AI在识别和预测诸如复发性口腔 (RAU) 和口腔癌等疾病方面的潜力.
主要方法:
- 根据系统审查和元分析 (PRISMA) 标准的首选报告项目进行了系统审查.
- 在文献搜索中,使用了诸如AI,口腔健康和特定口腔类型的术语,跨越数据库 (PubMed,Scopus等). 从2018年6月到2023年6月.
- 从图像中对口腔进行分类的AI框架被开发和评估,以及用于RAU和口腔癌检测的深度学习模型 (ResNet50,YOLOV).
主要成果:
- 开发的AI框架在分类口腔方面表现出令人满意的表现,优于目前的卷积神经网络技术.
- 深度学习模型 (ResNet50,YOLOV) 在从非侵入性图像中对复发性口腔 (RAU) 病变进行分类时显示出更高的准确性.
- 一个优化的神经网络为RAU存在提供了可靠的预测,并为未来的预测模型确定了相关变量.
结论:
- 人工智能在改善临床牙科实践中诊断口腔和相关疾病的准确性和效率方面显示出相当大的希望.
- 开发的人工智能模型需要更广泛的数据集进行验证和培训,然后才能在临床上广泛实施.
- 人工智能为口腔癌查和治疗评估提供了一种快速,无害和具有成本效益的方法.
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