一种与结直肠癌相关的口腔病原体Parvimonas micra,在表观遗传上重新编程人类结直肠细胞
Emma Bergsten1,2, Denis Mestivier2,3, Francoise Donnadieu1
1Unité de Pathogénie Microbienne Moléculaire, INSERM U1202, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.
Gut microbes
|October 16, 2023
概括
口腔细菌Parvimonas micra,特别是A型细菌,与结直肠癌 (CRC) 有关. 这种口腔病原生物改变结肠细胞中的DNA甲基化,可能导致癌症的发展.
科学领域:
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 遗传学 是一个遗传学.
背景情况:
- 在结直肠癌 (CRC) 患者中观察到肠道失生症,包括口腔细菌.
- 一种口腔病原体Parvimonas micra也与CRC的发展有关.
研究的目的:
- 描述帕维莫纳斯微型类型,并研究它们与CRC的关联.
- 阐明P. micra影响CRC宿主细胞DNA甲基化和基因表达的机制.
主要方法:
- 识别和表型特征的P.微型的类型.
- 在患者便和瘤组织中对P.micra丰富性的定量分析.
- 在低氧条件下,在体外共培养人类结肠细胞与P.micra的系统.
- 在细胞培养和患者样本中进行DNA甲基化分析和基因表达分析.
主要成果:
- 确定了两种P.micra类型 (A和B),具有不同的表型和粘附性质.
- 类型A与CRC有很强的关联,在便和瘤组织中更为丰富.
- 在体外,P.micra类型A改变了关键基因的DNA甲基化,包括瘤抑制剂和瘤基因.
- 类似的DNA甲基化变化和特定基因表达途径 (炎症,细胞粘附) 的丰富,在患有P.micra类型A的CRC患者中观察到.
结论:
- P.micra类型A与结直肠癌有显著的相关性.
- P.micra类型A可以诱导结肠细胞中的DNA甲基化变化,可能有助于CRC病变.
- 这些发现强调了口腔病原生物在结直肠癌发展的复杂机制中的作用.
相关概念视频
01:15Diversity of Protists I
Excavata is a diverse group of protists that includes both chemoorganotrophic and phototrophic species, with some thriving in anaerobic environments. Among the key groups within Excavata are diplomonads and parabasalids, which are flagellated protists that lack mitochondria and chloroplasts. These microorganisms typically inhabit anoxic environments, such as the intestines of animals, where they exist either symbiotically or as parasites, relying on fermentation for energy production. Some...
01:26Bacterial Phylum Verrucomicrobiota
The phylum Verrucomicrobiota comprises at least four characterized orders, with most species classified within the order Verrucomicrobiotales. Members of this phylum are either aerobic or facultatively aerobic, with the ability to ferment sugars. A notable exception is the genus Methylacidiphilum, which consists of aerobic methanotrophs. Additionally, some Verrucomicrobiota establish symbiotic relationships with protists. These bacteria are widely distributed across various environments,...
01:22Introduction to the Human Microbiota
Microorganisms colonize various regions of the human body, including the mouth, nasal passages, throat, stomach, intestines, urogenital tract, and skin. The total number of microbial cells is estimated to range from 10¹³ to 10¹⁴—comparable to, or exceeding, the number of human somatic cells. This host–microbiome relationship has led to the conceptualization of humans as supraorganisms, wherein microbial communities perform vital roles in development, immunity, and disease...
01:21Microbiota Modulation by Antibiotics
Antibiotics have revolutionized modern medicine by saving countless lives from bacterial infections. However, their widespread use has inadvertently harmed the delicate balance of the human gut microbiota. The gut microbiota, a complex community of bacteria, archaea, viruses, and fungi, plays a vital role in regulating metabolism, immune responses, and maintaining intestinal health. Antibiotics, especially broad-spectrum types, disrupt this ecosystem by eradicating both harmful and beneficial...
01:25Colonisation of Pathogens
Pathogen colonization of host tissues is a critical step in the development of infectious diseases. Various pathogenic microorganisms, including bacteria, fungi, viruses, and protozoa, have evolved complex strategies to attach to, invade, and persist within host environments. These mechanisms enable pathogens to establish infections, evade immune responses, and resist antimicrobial treatments.Attachment to Host CellsIn bacteria, colonization typically begins with adherence to host epithelial...
01:28Amebiasis
Entamoeba histolytica, a protozoan parasite, is responsible for intestinal and extraintestinal amebiasis. Though a significant proportion of infections remain asymptomatic, approximately 50 million individuals annually are estimated to present with clinical disease, resulting in up to 100,000 deaths globally. The disease burden is disproportionately high in regions with lower socioeconomic status, such as parts of India, Africa, Mexico, and Latin America.Etiology and TransmissionThe infective...