视觉信息影响适应新型说话者:L2重音语的民族特异性和民族独立性学习
Nicholas B Aoki1, Georgia Zellou1
1Department of Linguistics, University of California Davis, Davis, California 95616, USA.
The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
|October 16, 2023
概括
听众适应新的非母语英语口音随着感知种族匹配而改善. 社会期望受到明显种族的影响,在感知学习和交叉谈话者概括中发挥着关键作用.
科学领域:
- 心理语言学 心理语言学
- 认知科学 认知科学
- 社会语言学 社会语言学
背景情况:
- 特定于口音的学习可以提高熟悉口音的理解.
- 独立于口音的学习提高了对不同口音的接触后对新口音的理解.
- 社会因素,如感知种族,对口音适应的影响尚未得到充分理解.
研究的目的:
- 调查明显的种族如何影响听众适应新型非母语英语 (L2口音) 的人.
- 确定是否适用于种族特异或种族独立的学习原则适用于口音适应.
- 评估自上而下的社会信息与自下而上的声学线索在口音感知学习中的作用.
主要方法:
- 母语英语的听众转录了来自普通话口音英语发言人的声音中的句子.
- 在听到第四位"小说"演讲者之前,听众接触了三位"暴露"演讲者.
- 视觉线索 (扬声器面孔) 被操纵以在各种条件下改变明显的种族,而声学信息保持不变.
主要成果:
- 在特定种族的学习条件下 (所有东亚人面孔),新说话者的转录精度得到了改善.
- 在种族独立的学习条件下,准确性也得到了改善 (多种种族的发言者,东亚的新说话者).
- 当所有演讲者都是白人面孔或当曝光演讲者是白人,而新说者是东亚人时,没有观察到任何改善.
结论:
- 显而易见的种族显著影响感知学习和适应新的L2口音说话者.
- 社会期望,由感知到的种族标志,对于有效的口音适应至关重要.
- 研究结果强调了社会认知和听觉感知在处理发音时的相互作用.
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