通过健康结果的nocebo效应:系统性审查和元分析
Tessa Rooney1, Louise Sharpe1, Jemma Todd1
1School of Psychology, University of Sydney.
概括
负面期望加剧症状的nocebo效应是一个重大问题. 这次审查量化了它对健康结果的影响,发现它适用于体质问题,但不适用于认知表现.
科学领域:
- 心理学 心理学 心理学
- 临床医学 临床医学
- 行为科学 行为科学
背景情况:
- 由于治疗背景而导致的负面症状恶化所导致的nocebo效应是越来越令人担忧的临床问题.
- 虽然在各种疾病中被确定,但缺乏对健康结果中nocebo效应的系统量化.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和对nocebo文献进行元分析.
- 量化nocebo效应在各种健康结果中的大小.
- 检查调节因素,如诱导过程,治疗类型和健康结果.
主要方法:
- 在PubMed,PychInfo,Medline和Web of Science进行了系统的搜索.
- 包括130项独立研究,共有8219名参与者.
- 利用nocebo和对照组之间的比较方法来隔离效果大小.
主要成果:
- 总体的nocebo效应大小为中等 (g = 0.522) 具有显著的异质性.
- 健康结果和诱导过程成为关键调节者.
- 对于体的结果和影响,观察到中等的nocebo效应,对认知表现没有显著的影响.
结论:
- 在体质健康结果中,nocebo效应是可靠的诱导.
- 针对教学效应的干预措施对于减轻nocebo现象至关重要.
- 了解和管理nocebo效应对于优化临床护理至关重要.
相关概念视频
01:54The Placebo Effect
6.2K
The placebo effect occurs when people's expectations or beliefs influence or determine their experience in a given situation. In other words, simply expecting something to happen can actually make it happen.
6.2K
01:29Bias in Epidemiological Studies
314
Biases can arise at various stages of research, from study design and data collection to analysis and interpretation. Recognizing and addressing these biases is essential to ensure the validity and reliability of epidemiological findings.Broadly speaking, biases in epidemiology fall into three main categories: selection bias, information bias, and confounding. A more detailed description of possible biases is:
314
01:23Types of Biopharmaceutical Studies: Controlled and Non-Controlled Approaches
133
Biopharmaceutical studies constitute a vital field aiming to enhance drug delivery methods and refine therapeutic approaches, drawing upon diverse interdisciplinary knowledge. In research methodologies, the choice between controlled and non-controlled studies significantly influences the study's reliability and accuracy.
Non-controlled studies, commonly employed for initial exploration, lack a control group, rendering them susceptible to biases and external influences. In contrast,...
Non-controlled studies, commonly employed for initial exploration, lack a control group, rendering them susceptible to biases and external influences. In contrast,...
133
01:27Confounding in Epidemiological Studies
172
Confounding in statistical epidemiology represents a pivotal challenge, referring to the distortion in the perceived relationship between an exposure and an outcome due to the presence of a third variable, known as a confounder. This variable is associated with both the exposure and the outcome but is not a direct link in their causal chain. Its presence can lead to erroneous interpretations of the exposure's effect, either exaggerating or underestimating the true association. This...
172
02:07Blind Procedures
10.6K
Ideally, the people who observe and record the children’s behavior are unaware of who was assigned to the experimental or control group, in order to control for experimenter bias. Experimenter bias refers to the possibility that a researcher’s expectations might skew the results of the study. Remember, conducting an experiment requires a lot of planning, and the people involved in the research project have a vested interest in supporting their hypotheses. If the observers knew which...
10.6K
01:11Blinding
2.5K
Blinding is a commonly used method of not telling participants which treatment a subject is receiving. Blinding is a critical part of a randomized control trial or RCT. It reduces the bias that affects the results. In an RCT, blinding is used in the form of a placebo. A placebo effect occurs when untreated subjects falsely believe they have received the treatment and report improved symptoms. A placebo or a dummy treatment is administered to subjects to negate the bias caused by such an effect.
2.5K