在怀孕期间的非处方药物
Elizabeth Allison Powers1, Ryan Tewell2, Max Bayard3
1XXX.
American family physician
|October 16, 2023
概括
有限的研究存在于OTC怀孕药物. 安全的选择包括维生素B6,生,碳酸和某些药,同时建议使用局部视网类药物和质疑乙氨基的使用.
科学领域:
- 产科和妇科 产科和妇科
- 药理学 药理学是指药理学的学科.
- 孕产妇和胎儿医学 孕产妇和胎儿医学
背景情况:
- 关于怀孕期间非处方药 (OTC) 的安全性和有效性的高质量研究有限.
- 在使用药物之前,应考虑非药物治疗.
研究的目的:
- 审查怀孕期间常用的OTC药物的安全性和有效性.
- 为医疗保健提供者提供关于孕妇患者药物选择的指导.
主要方法:
- 关于怀孕期间OTC药物安全性的现有研究的文献综述.
- 对各种药物类别的证据分析,包括胃肠道,皮肤和疼痛缓解剂.
主要成果:
- 维生素B6,生,H1抗组胺剂对于恶心/吐是安全的. 碳酸,H2阻塞剂,针对GERD的PPI. 透性松剂,纤维,治疗便秘的益生菌.
- 大多数局部OTC是安全的;避免局部视网类药物. 用盐水冲鼻水和抗组胺药物治疗鼻炎. 内皮质类固醇对过敏性鼻炎有益.
- 对头痛/背痛而言,对乙氨基的安全性受到质疑. 低剂量阿司匹林推用于高风险个体的孕前预防. 草药补充剂的数据有限.
结论:
- 医疗保健提供者应优先考虑非药物疗法,并明智地为孕妇患者选择安全的OTC药物.
- 特定的OTC被确定为安全和有效的常见的与怀孕有关的条件,而其他需要谨慎或避免.
- 需要对草药补充剂和某些药物在怀孕期间的长期影响进行进一步的研究.
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