定义的细胞外矩阵组合支持对硬度不敏感的细胞扩散和粘附信号传递
James R W Conway1, Aleksi Isomursu1, Gautier Follain1
1Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku FI-20520, Finland.
概括
细胞可以在柔软的基板上扩散,这挑战了硬度总是需要的想法. 特定的细胞外基质 (ECM) 混合物和调整的细胞机械使"硬性"在软材料上扩散.
科学领域:
- 细胞生物学 细胞生物学
- 生物物理学的生物物理.
- 机械生物学 机械生物学
背景情况:
- 对细胞外基质 (ECM) 的因特林介导的粘附对于细胞机械感知和信号传递至关重要.
- 机械特性和ECM的组成会影响细胞的行为.
- 当前的体外模型经常将增加的硬度与增强的细胞扩散和机械敏感信号联系起来,尽管大多数人体组织都是软的.
研究的目的:
- 研究ECM组成和矩阵刚度之间的相互作用对细胞扩散和信号的作用.
- 开发和使用一种高分辨率的系统,用于在定义的基质硬度和ECM混合物上选细胞表型.
- 了解细胞在软基质上扩散的基本机制.
主要方法:
- 开发一个矩阵点阵阵列系统,用于对细胞表型进行高分辨率查.
- 该系统应用于癌细胞和正常细胞,在定义的基质硬度和ECM组成上.
- 使用电机离合器模型对软基板上的细胞粘附进行模拟,具有不同的ECM-integrin-cytoskeleton连接.
主要成果:
- 识别特定的ECM混合物,促进硬度不敏感的细胞在软基板上扩散.
- 证明,在某些ECM混合物上增加整合素-细胞骨 (离合体) 参与支持细胞在软基质上扩散.
- 观察到,部分抑制actomyosin收缩性可以增加细胞在软基板上的扩散.
结论:
- 细胞在软基板上扩散是可以实现的,并且受到细胞收缩和粘合力之间的平衡的影响.
- 特定的ECM组合物可以使"类似硬"的细胞在软材料上扩散,而不依赖基质硬度.
- 这一发现为体外机械生物学提供了新的视角,突出了有效的细胞功能和软生物材料信号的机制.
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