基于人口的主观认知衰退的预测因素和预后:来自Caerphilly前性研究 (CaPS) 的纵向证据
Harriet A Ball1, Elizabeth Coulthard2, Mark Fish3
1Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK harriet.ball@bristol.ac.uk.
BMJ open
|October 16, 2023
概括
主观认知衰退 (SCD) 是常见的,但与客观认知变化有很弱的联系. 睡眠不足和焦虑预示着SCD,这表明它可能反映出自我意识不足,而不是早期的神经退行.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
背景情况:
- 认知能力下降的主观经验通常被认为是神经退行症的早期迹象.
- 这种关联在人口层面上没有得到严格的检查.
- 较差的元认知或认知功能的自我意识受损是另一种解释,可能导致功能性认知障碍 (FCD).
研究的目的:
- 研究主观认知衰退 (SCD) 与客观认知表现之间的关联.
- 为了确定SCD是否预测未来的认知衰退或痴呆症.
- 探索SCD的替代解释,例如元认知缺陷.
主要方法:
- 一项基于人口的前性队列研究 (凯尔菲利前性研究),对1225名73岁的男性进行了研究.
- 简单主观认知衰退 (sSCD) 和客观认知的评估.
- 10年来对发生性痴呆症的随访,其次要结果包括认知变化和内部不一致性.
主要成果:
- sSCD是普遍存在的 (30%),但与先前的客观认知衰退有很弱的关联 (灵敏度36%,特异性72%).
- 独立的sSCD预测因素包括老年,睡眠质量差,和更高的特征焦虑.
- sSCD没有预测未来10年内客观认知变化或痴呆症.
结论:
- sSCD与先前的客观认知衰退有很弱的关联,并且无法预测未来的认知结果.
- 睡眠困难和焦虑是sSCD的重要预测因素.
- sSCD,特别是当它与客观下降无关时,可能代表低水平的元认知,并可能是FCD的前体.
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