相关实验视频
Updated: Jul 13, 2025
06:30
Cell Lineage Analyses and Gene Function Studies Using Twin-spot MARCM
Published on: March 2, 2017
10.1K
对基因表达的CAP分析澄清了单胞胎双胞胎对内的转录基因分歧
Hirokazu Katoh1,2, Hiroaki Asai3, Keiko Takemoto4
1Department of Virology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Science, Okayama, Japan.
概括
单胞胎双胞胎显示,虽然注释基因的表达方式类似,但像人类内源逆转录病毒 (HERVs) 和LINE等逆转录病毒由于非共享的环境和随机因素而表现出分歧.
科学领域:
- 基因组学就是基因组学.
- 表观遗传学 在表观遗传学中,表观遗传学是指表观遗传学.
- 双胞胎研究 双胞胎研究
背景情况:
- 表型变异源于复杂的基因环境相互作用,影响基因表达.
- 遗传与环境因素对基因表达变异的相对贡献尚未完全理解.
- 一双胞胎共享相同的基因和共同的环境,只在非共享因素上有所不同,这使得它们非常适合剖析这些影响.
研究的目的:
- 调查注释基因和逆转移子对非共享环境和随机因素的差异敏感性.
- 了解单胞胎双胞胎对中表达分歧的基础调节机制.
- 确定涉及环境影响基因表达的特定转录因子.
主要方法:
- 对基因表达的CAP分析 (CAGE) 在三对单胞胎双胞胎身上进行.
- 基因表达特征被用于对个体进行集群,并分析注释基因和逆转移子 (HERV,LINE).
- 对差异表达的注释基因进行了动机分析.
主要成果:
- 基因表达集群证实每个双胞胎对形成一个单类,表明注释基因表达的相似性.
- 包括HERV和LINE在内的逆转移子的表达在每个双胞胎对中的个体之间有显著差异.
- 动因分析涉及特异性蛋白/克鲁佩尔样因子家族转录因子在注释基因表达分歧中的特异性.
结论:
- 有注释的基因和逆转移子在应对环境影响时表现出不同的调节模式.
- 与注释基因相比,逆转移体表达对非共享的环境和随机因素更敏感.
- 非共享因素在塑造表观遗传景观和表型变异方面发挥着至关重要的作用,特别是通过逆转移子调节.
相关概念视频
02:37Gene Duplication and Divergence
6.1K
The seminal work of Ohno in 1970 popularized the idea of gene duplication and divergence. DNA sequence comparison studies reveal that a large portion of the genes in bacteria, archaebacteria, and eukaryotes was generated by gene duplication and divergence, indicating its critical role in evolution.
The duplicated copies of the gene are called Paralogs. Paralogs with similar sequences and functions form a gene family. Across several species, a large number of gene families are...
The duplicated copies of the gene are called Paralogs. Paralogs with similar sequences and functions form a gene family. Across several species, a large number of gene families are...
6.1K
02:26Comparing Copy Number Variations and SNPs
17.7K
Sequencing of the human genome has opened up several best-kept secrets of the genome. Scientists have identified thousands of genome variations that exist within a population. These variations can be a single nucleotide or a larger chromosomal variation.
Copy number variations or CNVs are the structural variations that cover more than 1kb of DNA sequence. The single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), on the other hand, is a single nucleotide change or a point mutation that is found in more than 1%...
Copy number variations or CNVs are the structural variations that cover more than 1kb of DNA sequence. The single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), on the other hand, is a single nucleotide change or a point mutation that is found in more than 1%...
17.7K
01:09Epistasis Analysis
5.0K
Although Mendel chose seven unrelated traits in peas to study gene segregation, most traits involve multiple gene interactions that create a spectrum of phenotypes. When the interaction of various genes or alleles at different locations influences a phenotype, this is called epistasis. Epistasis often involves one gene masking or interfering with the expression of another (antagonistic epistasis). Epistasis often occurs when different genes are part of the same biochemical pathway. The...
5.0K
02:51mRNA Stability and Gene Expression
5.6K
The structure and stability of mRNA molecules regulates gene expression, as mRNAs are a key step in the pathway from gene to protein. In eukaryotes, the half-life of mRNA varies from a few minutes up to several days. mRNA stability is essential in growth and development. The absence of the proteins regulating its stability, such as tristetraprolin in mice, can cause systemic issues, including bone marrow overgrowth, inflammation, and autoimmunity.
Cis-acting Elements involved in mRNA stability
Cis-acting Elements involved in mRNA stability
5.6K
01:58Cell Specific Gene Expression
13.6K
Multicellular organisms contain a variety of structurally and functionally distinct cell types, but the DNA in all the cells originated from the same parent cells. The differences in the cells can be attributed to the differential gene expression. Liver cells, whose functions include detoxification of blood, production of bile to metabolize fats, and synthesis of proteins essential for metabolism, must express a specific set of genes to perform their functions. Gene expression also varies with...
13.6K
02:34DNA Microarrays
17.5K
Microarrays are high-throughput and relatively inexpensive assays that can be automated to analyze large quantities of data at a time. They are used in genome-wide studies to compare gene or protein expression under two varied conditions, such as healthy and diseased states. Microarrays consist of glass or silica slides on which probe molecules are covalently attached through surface functionalization. Most commonly, the slides are prepared through the chemisorption of silanes to silica...
17.5K