意大利流感疫苗接种格局:通过OBVIOUS项目镜头进行全面研究
Angelo Capodici1, Marco Montalti1, Giorgia Soldà1
1Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Science, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics
|October 17, 2023
概括
在意大利,人们对接种流感疫苗的犹很大,即使在风险群体中也是如此. 了解社会和行为因素,如感知疫苗不安全性和缺乏意识,是提高流感疫苗接种率的关键.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 行为科学 行为科学
背景情况:
- 流感在意大利造成了显著的死亡率,每年估计有8,000人死亡.
- 尽管有针对高风险人群的免费疫苗接种计划,但由于持续的犹,疫苗接种率仍然低于最佳水平.
研究的目的:
- 确定影响意大利成年人接受和拒绝流感疫苗的社会和行为决定因素.
- 为制定旨在改善疫苗接种覆盖率的有针对性的战略提供信息.
主要方法:
- 在2022年4月11日至5月29日期间,对1万名意大利成年人进行了横截面调查.
- 世界卫生组织的疫苗接种行为和社会驱动因素 (BesD) 框架指导了调查工具.
- 分析包括4,613名符合接种流感疫苗的参与者.
主要成果:
- 大约三分之一的符合条件的参与者未接种疫苗,不愿接种疫苗.
- 在意大利中部,在老年人和某些专业人员 (教师,执法人员,医疗保健工作者) 中观察到更高的拒绝疫苗率.
- 与拒绝或延迟接受相关的关键因素包括缺乏对资格的认识,女性性别,年龄45-54岁,农村居住,低学历,感知到疫苗不安全性以及与疫苗有反对的社会联系.
结论:
- 解决关于疫苗不安全性的特定看法和提高有关资格的认识对于增加流感疫苗接种率至关重要.
- 需要有针对性的干预措施来克服疫苗接种的社会和行为障碍,特别是在确定的高耐药性群体中.
- 提高疫苗接种率可以显著减轻流感相关发病率和死亡率的影响.
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