在Triticum/Aegilops复杂物种中,有机体衍生的核DNA的进化轨迹
Zhibin Zhang1, Jing Zhao1, Juzuo Li1
1Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of the Ministry of Education (MOE), Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China.
Plant physiology
|October 17, 2023
概括
在植物中,来自有机体的核DNA,核塑DNA (NUPT) 和核线粒体DNA (NUMT) 都被表观遗传学上沉默. 它们的积累和亚基因组不对称性揭示了物种化和多体化过程中的动态进化命运.
科学领域:
- 植物基因组学和分子进化
- 表观遗传学和基因组动态学
背景情况:
- 从有机体衍生的DNA,包括核塑性DNA (NUPT) 和核线粒体DNA (NUMT),在植物核基因组中发现.
- 在NUPTs/NUMTs (NUPGs/NUMGs) 中的基因通常被认为是伪基因化和无活化.
- 人们对NUPG/NUMG的表观遗传调节和NUPT/NUMT的进化动态了解甚少.
研究的目的:
- 调查小麦和山羊草中NUPGs/NUMGs的表观遗传沉默机制.
- 分析Triticum/Aegilops物种中NUPT/NUMT的动态发生和进化模式.
- 探索NUPT/NUMT在全聚体进化过程中的亚基因组分布和积累.
主要方法:
- 使用来自Triticum和Aegilops物种的核和细胞器基因组资源进行比较基因组学.
- 涉及DNA甲基化和基因组修饰概况的表观遗传学分析.
- 基因组和泛基因组分析以评估NUPT/NUMT的动态和分布.
主要成果:
- NUPT和NUMT主要位于基因间和基因调节区域,有助于核基因组变异.
- 异种NUPG/NUMG表现出压制性的表观遗传标记:高DNA甲基化和低活性基因组修饰,与内源基因不同.
- NUPT/NUMT逐渐和特定物种积累,与物种化相关.
- 在全聚类小麦进化过程中观察到NUPT/NUMT发生的显著亚基因组不对称性.
结论:
- 表观遗传机制,特别是DNA甲基化,在沉默有机体衍生核基因方面发挥着至关重要的作用.
- NUPT/NUMT的动态积累和分布反映了它们正在进行的进化整合和适应.
- 了解这些过程为植物基因组进化提供了洞察力,特别是在多体物种中.
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