生命早期的气质差异作为无意伤害的纵向预测者
Albert J Ksinan1, Andrea Dalecká1, Lubomír Kukla1
1RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Czech Republic.
Journal of pediatric psychology
|October 17, 2023
概括
幼儿时代的气质会影响受伤的风险. 高度活跃,外向的儿童在整个青春期面临更高的意外伤害的可能性,突出了针对性预防策略的需要.
科学领域:
- 儿童发展 儿童发展
- 预防伤害的预防.
- 行为科学是一种行为科学.
背景情况:
- 意外伤害是儿童住院和死亡的主要原因.
- 研究对个人特征如气质的关注较少,而对受伤风险的环境因素的关注较少.
- 了解早期气质的作用对于制定有效的伤害预防策略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查早期生活气质对儿童到青春期中期累积伤害数量的纵向影响.
- 确定与不同伤害风险相关的特定气质特征.
- 通过将气质与风险联系起来,为有针对性的伤害预防工作提供信息.
主要方法:
- 利用了来自欧洲妊娠和童年长度研究 (ELSPAC-CZ) 的数据,其中包括3545名儿童.
- 在3岁时评估气质,并在3至15岁时跟踪儿科医生报告的伤害.
- 采用隐形形状分析 (LPA) 来识别气质类和用于伤害风险分析的混合模型,控制共变量.
主要成果:
- 确定了三个气质类别:害羞的 (8.1%),外向的 (50.8%) 和平均的 (41.1%).
- "外向"气质类表现出对伤害的纵向风险最高.
- "平均" (IRR=0.89) 和"害羞" (IRR=0.80) 气质类别的受伤风险相比,出发组的受伤风险较低.
结论:
- 幼儿时代的气质显著影响长期的伤害风险.
- 性格外向的孩子,以高活力和低害羞为特征,有更大的受伤风险.
- 这些发现强调了在儿童伤害预防计划中考虑个体气质特征的重要性.
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