肌弹性能量和电肌图活动模式对跳跃高度和前伸缩增强的影响,在不同前伸缩强度的跳跃中增加
Takehiro Kosaka1, Shuhei Sasajima1, Ayaka Yasuda1
1Department of Life Science, The University of Tokyo, Meguro, Tokyo, Japan.
Journal of sports sciences
|October 17, 2023
概括
肌弹性能量有助于跳高在反运动和下降跳跃. 高强度跳跃更多地受益于肌肉激活模式,而不是肌能量.
科学领域:
- 生物力学 生物力学
- 人类运动科学科学 人类运动科学
- 运动生理学 体育生理学
背景情况:
- 跳跃性能依赖于肌肉激活和肌力学之间的复杂相互作用.
- 了解肌弹性能量和电肌图案的特定作用对于优化跳跃技术至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 研究阿基勒斯肌弹性能量和电肌图活动模式对跨越各种跳跃类型的跳跃表现的影响.
- 根据前拉伸强度区分肌弹性和肌肉激活策略的贡献.
主要方法:
- 29名男性进行了五种单边跳跃类型:无反动跳跃 (noCMJ),反动跳跃 (CMJ) 和跌落跳跃 (DJ10,DJ20,DJ30).
- 测量包括跳跃高度,伸展前增强,阿基里斯肌弹性能量 (在同位数收缩期间) 和脚部 flexors的电肌图活动 (mEMG PLA/CON,mEMG ECC/CON).
主要成果:
- 相对肌弹性能量与CMJ,DJ10和DJ20高度相关,但不是noCMJ或DJ30.
- 肌弹性能量与CMJ前伸缩增大相关,但不与跳跃相相关.
- 电肌图活动模式 (mEMG PLA/CON和mEMG ECC/CON) 与更高强度下降跳跃 (DJ20,DJ30) 的伸展前增强相关.
结论:
- 低强度前伸展的跳跃练习由阿基里斯肌弹性能量增强.
- 具有高前伸展强度的跳跃练习主要受到足部 flexor 肌肉的电肌图活动模式的影响.
相关概念视频
01:22Muscle Stimulation Frequency
2.3K
The contraction strength of muscles is regulated by motor neurons, which modulate the frequency of action potentials dispatched to the motor units based on the body's requirements. This process of varying the muscle stimulation frequency allows muscles to contract with a force that is precisely tailored to the needs of the moment, whether lifting a feather or a heavy box.
Wave summation
At low firing rates, motor neurons induce individual twitch contractions in muscle fibers. These twitches...
Wave summation
At low firing rates, motor neurons induce individual twitch contractions in muscle fibers. These twitches...
2.3K
01:01Elastic Potential Energy
18.3K
Elastic potential energy is the energy stored as a result of the deformation of an elastic object, such as the stretching of a spring. An object is elastic if it returns to its original shape and size after being deformed.
Potential energy is also associated with the elastic force exerted by an ideal spring. The work done by this force can be represented as a change in the elastic potential energy of the spring. Thus, the work done by a perfectly elastic spring, in one dimension, depends...
Potential energy is also associated with the elastic force exerted by an ideal spring. The work done by this force can be represented as a change in the elastic potential energy of the spring. Thus, the work done by a perfectly elastic spring, in one dimension, depends...
18.3K
01:20Motor Unit Stimulation
1.6K
When the neuron of a motor unit fires an action potential, it triggers a series of events, leading to a twitch contraction in the muscle fibers. The process of excitation-contraction coupling is crucial in relaying the action potential to the muscle fibers.
The latent period of contraction marks the onset of excitation-contraction coupling, when the action potential propagates across the sarcolemma, preparing the muscle fibers for contraction. As the fibers enter the contraction phase, the...
The latent period of contraction marks the onset of excitation-contraction coupling, when the action potential propagates across the sarcolemma, preparing the muscle fibers for contraction. As the fibers enter the contraction phase, the...
1.6K
01:12Elasticity
3.5K
Elasticity is the ability of an object to withstand the effects of distortion and to return to its original size and shape once the forces causing deformation are removed. When an elastic material deforms under the action of an external force, it experiences internal resistance to the deformation. However, if no external force is applied, it returns to its original state.
The elasticity of an object can be described by a stress-strain curve, which represents the relationship between stress...
The elasticity of an object can be described by a stress-strain curve, which represents the relationship between stress...
3.5K
01:27Exercise and Muscle Performance
1.5K
Exercise induces a range of adaptations in muscle tissue, depending on the type and duration of activity. Such physical training can be broadly categorized into two types: endurance exercises and resistance exercises.
Endurance exercises
Endurance exercises involve running, swimming, or cycling, which require repetitive movements with low force output. When a person engages in endurance exercise, a few noticeable changes occur in their skeletal muscles. For instance, the number of capillaries...
Endurance exercises
Endurance exercises involve running, swimming, or cycling, which require repetitive movements with low force output. When a person engages in endurance exercise, a few noticeable changes occur in their skeletal muscles. For instance, the number of capillaries...
1.5K
01:22Elastic Strain Energy for Normal Stresses
175
Strain energy quantifies the energy stored within a material due to deformation under loading conditions, a fundamental concept in materials science and engineering. The strain energy can be modeled when a material is subjected to axial loading with uniformly distributed stress. In this scenario, the stress experienced by the material is the internal force divided by the cross-sectional area, and the strain induced is directly proportional to this stress through the modulus of elasticity.
If...
If...
175