野生子同时使用多种避免近亲繁殖的机制.
Robin E Morrison1,2, Eric Ndayishimiye1, Tara S Stoinski1
1Dian Fossey Gorilla Fund, Musanze, Rwanda.
Proceedings. Biological sciences
|October 17, 2023
概括
山地大猩猩通过选择伴侣避免与近亲交配,特别是与母系亲属交配. 这种避免内生繁殖,以及分散,有助于保持野生种群的遗传多样性.
科学领域:
- 进化生物学是进化的生物学.
- 行为生态学 行为生态学
- 保护遗传学 保护遗传学
背景情况:
- 亲生繁殖可能导致身体健康降低,推动了亲生繁殖避免机制的演变.
- 分散,伴侣选择和后交配偏见是避免亲属交配的关键策略.
- 以前的研究,通常是在囚禁中进行的,表明为了避免近亲繁殖,伴侣选择有限,特别是当其他机制存在时.
研究的目的:
- 在野生山地大猩猩中同时研究多个内生避免机制.
- 为了确定分散的有效性,伴侣选择,以及在防止亲属交配的后交配偏见.
- 了解熟悉和年龄在亲属识别和交配决策中的作用.
主要方法:
- 来自野生山地大猩猩群体的13年详细的分散,交配和父权数据的分析.
- 在社会群体内的亲属关系水平的量化和观察到的交配模式.
- 统计建模以评估伴侣选择中的亲属歧视,并确定影响交配决定的因素.
主要成果:
- 尽管部分分散导致了多种群体中高度相关性,但近亲交配发生的次数比预期少40%.
- 观察到强烈的亲属歧视,明显避免与母亲亲属交配,但少避免父亲亲属.
- 没有发现后交配内交避免机制的证据.
结论:
- 山地大猩猩采用多种,互补的避免近亲繁殖的策略,包括亲属歧视性伴侣选择和基于熟悉性的识别.
- 基于年龄的避免,例如父亲和女儿之间的避免,有助于防止出生群体内的近亲繁殖.
- 通过选择伴侣来避免内生繁殖可能会促进这种物种更灵活的分散模式.
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