细胞外囊泡是对非病毒保护的细胞外序列空间的主要贡献者
Dominik Lücking1, Coraline Mercier1, Tomas Alarcón-Schumacher1
1Max-Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Celsiusstraße 1, 28359, Bremen, Germany.
ISME communications
|October 17, 2023
概括
环境病毒通常包括来自细胞外囊泡 (EV) 和基因转移剂 (GTA) 的宿主DNA. 这项研究定义了受保护的环境DNA (peDNA),并使用管道来识别其来源,揭示了EV驱动显著的水平基因转移.
科学领域:
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 基因组学就是基因组学.
- 海洋生物学 海洋生物学
背景情况:
- 环境病毒转基因组 ("病毒组") 传统上会隔离类似病毒的粒子 (VLP).
- 目前的VLP净化方法共同丰富细胞外囊泡 (EVs) 和基因转移剂 (GTAs),以与宿主相关的DNA污染病毒体.
- 这种宿主DNA起源于EV和GTA,使病毒群体的研究变得复杂.
研究的目的:
- 为从净化环境样本中分离出来的遗传物质提出一个新术语,即受保护的环境DNA (peDNA).
- 开发和验证生物信息管道,以确定peDNA的来源.
- 研究EV和GTA在海洋环境中的水平基因转移 (HGT) 中的作用.
主要方法:
- 环境样本的尺寸分化 (0.22μm) 和DNase处理以分离peDNA.
- 开发一个生物信息管道来分析peDNA序列起源.
- 管道应用于北海海洋样本和现有的全球海洋病毒数据集.
主要成果:
- 该管道成功地确定了已知的GTA和EV生产者,以及具有积极转导前病毒的生物体作为peDNA的来源.
- 在海洋环境中发现了新的和广泛的电动汽车生产商.
- 定量证据表明,EV介导的基因转移是海洋中HGT的重要驱动因素.
结论:
- 术语peDNA准确地描述了从纯化的环境样本中获得的复杂序列空间.
- 开发的生物信息管道可靠地确定了peDNA的起源.
- 在海洋生态系统中,EV在HGT中起着至关重要的作用,影响微生物的进化和适应.
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