评估减少印度多维儿童贫困:一个分解分析
Itishree Pradhan1, Jalandhar Pradhan2
1Department of Humanities and Social Sciences, National Institute of Technology (NIT), Rourkela, Odisha, 769008, India.
印度的多维儿童贫困 (MCP) 在2015-16年至2019-21年期间显著下降. 大多数群体的情况有所改善,但差异仍然存在,突出了有针对性的政策干预的领域.
科学领域:
- 贫困研究 贫困研究
- 儿童福利 儿童福利
- 公共卫生政策 公共卫生政策
背景情况:
- 多维贫困不成比例地影响着全球儿童,特别是在南亚和非洲.
- 在印度,大约三分之一的0-4岁儿童经历了多维贫困.
- 了解儿童贫困趋势对于印度有效的政策制定至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 检查印度多维儿童贫困 (MCP) 的趋势.
- 追踪不同地理区域,种姓和宗教群体的减贫努力.
- 为实现可持续发展目标的政策制定提供信息.
主要方法:
- 使用Alkire-Foster方法计算0-4岁儿童的多维儿童贫困指数 (MCPI).
- 来自国家家庭健康调查 (2015-16年和2019-21年) 两轮的雇员数据.
- 应用沙普利分解来分析发病率和强度对MCPI变化的贡献.
主要成果:
- 印度儿童贫困发生率在2015-16年至2019-21年期间下降了40%以上 (从46.6%降至27.4%).
- 在研究期间,MCPI下降了一半,从24.2%降至12.6%.
- 虽然大多数子群体的表现有所改善,但农村地区的儿童, অনুসূচিত种姓 (SC), অনুসূচিত部落 (ST) 和穆斯林家庭表现较差. 电力,出生登记和卫生设施等关键指标显著改善.
结论:
- 分析随着时间推移的MCPI趋势有助于确定实现可持续发展目标的政策优先事项.
- 有针对性的干预措施是必要的,以解决儿童贫困减少的持续差异.
- 改善卫生设施和燃料等基本设施有助于减少多维儿童贫困.
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