在中国背景下不同领域的风险决策差异:一个社会价值理论视角
Dawei Wang1, Dong Han1, Lingchao Sun1
1School of Psychology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
Psychology research and behavior management
|October 18, 2023
概括
社会价值理论解释了跨领域的自我-其他风险承担差异,即使接收者发生变化. 风险厌恶因领域而异,在集团决策中观察到妥协效应.
科学领域:
- 社会心理学 社会心理学
- 决策科学 决策科学 决策科学
- 行为经济学是一种行为经济学.
背景情况:
- 在决策过程中,自己与他人之间的差异已经得到了充分的证据.
- 社会价值理论认为,个人的选择受到对自己和其他人的结果的影响.
- 这一理论对不同接收者和领域的适用性需要进一步研究.
研究的目的:
- 检查社会价值理论对风险决策中的自我-其他差异的适用性,当选择接受者改变时.
- 调查领域特异性和社会距离如何影响自我-其他决策中的冒险行为.
- 探索个人和团体背景之间的决策差异.
主要方法:
- 进行了一项预试验和三项正式实验.
- 参与者 (N=563) 在不同的风险领域 (关系,金钱获取,个人安全,金钱损失) 为自己和各种其他人 (单身他人,亲密他人,团体) 做决定.
- 社会距离和群体决策被系统地操纵.
主要成果:
- 关系领域的风险厌恶在自我决定的决定中高于对新朋友的决定.
- 在金钱获取和个人安全领域,个人对自己比对新朋友承担的风险更多.
- 在决策者角色之间,在金钱损失领域中没有发现风险承担的显著差异. 在非货币性集团决策中观察到妥协效应.
结论:
- 自我其他风险决策的领域差异可以通过社会价值理论来解释.
- 社会价值理论仍然适用,即使选择的接受者和社会背景不同.
- 研究结果突出了风险感知领域,社会距离和群体背景之间的微妙相互作用.
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