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在患有自闭症和胎儿酒精谱系障碍的个体中比较叙事讲故事能力

Linh N H Pham¹, Adrian Kc Lee^2,3, Annette Estes^2,4

¹Department of Psychology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.

International journal of language & communication disorders

|October 18, 2023

概括

叙述性话语分析揭示了自闭症患者,胎儿酒精谱系障碍 (FASD) 患者和对照者之间的语音速度和迷宫使用的差异. 对这些语言技能的个体级别评估对于定制干预至关重要.

科学领域:

语言学的语言学.
发展心理学发展心理学
神经科学是一个神经科学.

背景情况:

叙事话语或讲故事对于日常对话和社会交流至关重要.
标准化的语言评估可能无法完全捕捉叙事技能的复杂性.
自闭症和胎儿酒精谱系障碍 (FASD) 通常与社会沟通和语言方面的挑战有关.

研究的目的:

调查和比较自闭症和FASD患者的叙事话语能力与匹配的比较组.
在叙事制作中确定区分这些群体的特定语言标记.
探索叙事话语分析对于评估语言挑战的生态相关性.

主要方法:

从45名参与者 (自闭症,FASD,比较) 引出叙述,使用无字故事书.
使用语言转录系统分析 (SALT) 公约和叙述评分方案 (NSS) 的叙述的转录和分析.
评估全球语言指标 (如语音速度,迷宫) 和地方指标 (如心理状态术语).

主要成果:

观察到群体在发言速度,每单词迷宫数量和冲突/解决方案描述方面的差异.
与FASD和对比组相比,自闭症组产生了更多的迷宫,在冲突/解决问题上得分更高.
自闭症和FASD组的发言率低于对照组;所有组的本地语言测量都是可比的.

结论:

虽然许多叙事方面是相似的,但全球测量显示了自闭症和FASD群体的不同模式.
群体内显著的个体变化突显了个性化评估的重要性.
叙事话语分析为自闭症和FASD的干预计划提供了宝贵的临床见解.

关键词:

这就是 FASD 的原因.自闭症自闭症是什么语言能力语言能力的能力.叙事能力叙事能力叙事能力叙事讲故事的叙事讲故事.

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