美国惩戒机构中跨性别者所面临的独特挑战:全面审查
Rachel Engelberg1, Quinn Hood2, Krina Shah2
1Department of Population Health, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA. Rachel.engelberg@mountsinai.org.
概括
由于美国惩戒设施中的二元性别制度,被监禁的跨性别者面临着重大风险. 需要对住房,医疗保健和员工培训进行政策变化,以确保他们的安全和福祉.
科学领域:
- 犯罪学 犯罪学
- 社会学 社会学 社会学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 美国的惩戒设施经常强制执行二元性别制度,给被监禁的跨性别者带来风险.
- 跨性别者在这些限制性环境中经历了独特的挑战.
研究的目的:
- 对美国惩戒机构中跨性别成年人面临的具体挑战进行范围的文献综述.
- 确定政策建议,以改善监禁的跨性别者的治疗和保护.
主要方法:
- 在线数据库的范围文献审查确定了33篇相关论文 (21篇科学研究,12篇法律分析).
- 在科学研究中,主要使用了定性方法,重点关注跨性别女性.
- 法律文献分析提取了关键的政策建议.
主要成果:
- 新兴主题突出了暴力,健康,医疗保健,住房和普遍的跨性别恐惧症方面的挑战.
- 法律分析支持政策变化,包括个别住房,性别肯定护理和保护性别表达.
- 变性人遇到不同的障碍,需要加强保护.
结论:
- 监禁的跨性别者需要更广泛的保护和制度政策的改变.
- 建议包括重新定义住房政策,确保性别确认的医疗保健,并实施员工能力培训.
相关概念视频
Conduct Disorder
37
Conduct disorder is a complex mental health diagnosis characterized by a repetitive and persistent pattern of behavior that violates societal norms, the rights of others, or age-appropriate rules. The diagnostic criteria for conduct disorder require the presence of at least three problematic behaviors within the past 12 months, with at least one occurring in the past six months. These behaviors are grouped into four categories: aggression toward people and animals; destruction of property;...
37
The Stanford Prison Experiment
23.2K
The famous and controversial Stanford Prison Experiment, conducted by social psychologist Philip Zimbardo and his colleagues at Stanford University, demonstrated the power of social roles, social norms, and scripts.
23.2K
Barriers to Effective Communication II
3.7K
The barriers to effective communication also include cultural barriers, semantic barriers, gender barriers, and time constraints.
Cultural barriers:
Differences in values, beliefs, religion, knowledge, and tradition can significantly impact communication. Awareness of nonverbal cues is critical, especially when conversing with a patient from a different culture. What appears appropriate in one culture may be inappropriate in another.
Semantic barriers:
As a result of their tendency to use...
Cultural barriers:
Differences in values, beliefs, religion, knowledge, and tradition can significantly impact communication. Awareness of nonverbal cues is critical, especially when conversing with a patient from a different culture. What appears appropriate in one culture may be inappropriate in another.
Semantic barriers:
As a result of their tendency to use...
3.7K
Specialized Care Centers and Settings-II
736
Rural Health Centers
Rural health centers are specialized care facilities in remote locations with very few medical personnel. The primary care providers who run the centers are mostly Registered Nurse Practitioners. Here, emergency treatment is provided to critically ill or injured patients before they are transferred to the closest hospital. Fortunately, due to advancement in technology, many rural healthcare facilities and professionals have easy access to diagnostic and treatment...
Rural health centers are specialized care facilities in remote locations with very few medical personnel. The primary care providers who run the centers are mostly Registered Nurse Practitioners. Here, emergency treatment is provided to critically ill or injured patients before they are transferred to the closest hospital. Fortunately, due to advancement in technology, many rural healthcare facilities and professionals have easy access to diagnostic and treatment...
736
Specialized Care Centers and Settings-I
948
Specialized care settings or centers are situated in convenient locations within the community and offer care to a specific group or population. They consist of daycare facilities, mental health facilities, rural health facilities, educational institutions, industries, shelters for the homeless, and rehabilitation facilities.
Daycare centers
They provide several functions. Some facilities care for healthy newborns and children whose parents work, while others are medically focused and care for...
Daycare centers
They provide several functions. Some facilities care for healthy newborns and children whose parents work, while others are medically focused and care for...
948
Stereotypes, Prejudice, and Discrimination
90.2K
Humans are very diverse and although we share many similarities, we also have many differences. The social groups we belong to help form our identities (Tajfel, 1974). These differences may be difficult for some people to reconcile, which may lead to prejudice toward people who are different. Prejudice is a negative attitude and feeling toward an individual based solely on one’s membership in a particular social group (Allport, 1954; Brown, 2010). Prejudice is common against people who...
90.2K


