牛奶蛋白质过敏 牛奶蛋白质过敏
Rohan Malik1, Sanjeevani Kaul2
1Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India. dr.rohanmalik@gmail.com.
Indian journal of pediatrics
|October 18, 2023
概括
牛奶过敏是一种常见的婴儿疾病,涉及对牛奶蛋白质的反应. 诊断涉及消除饮食和挑战,管理侧重于避免过敏原和专用配方.
科学领域:
- 过敏和免疫学 过敏和免疫学
- 儿科 儿科 儿科
- 胃肠病学 胃肠病学
背景情况:
- 牛奶过敏 (CMA) 是婴儿中普遍存在的食物过敏,影响0.5%至3%.
- 反应可以是IgE介导的,非IgE介导的,或混合的,呈现不同的症状.
- 胃肠道问题,如肠道病变和逆流是常见的,特别是在非IgE CMA.
研究的目的:
- 为了提供关于牛奶过敏的全面概述.
- 讨论诊断方法和管理策略.
- 突出目前对预防和新兴治疗方法的理解.
主要方法:
- 审查关于牛奶过敏诊断和管理的现有文献.
- 讨论诊断工具,包括口腔挑战和免疫测试.
- 分析治疗干预措施,如消除饮食和专用配方.
主要成果:
- 双盲安慰剂控制的口服挑战是诊断的黄金标准.
- 消除饮食,然后监督挑战是常见的诊断实践.
- 过敏原的消除导致症状的缓解;广泛化或氨基酸配方是推的替代品.
结论:
- 牛奶过敏需要仔细的诊断和管理,主要是通过避免过敏原.
- 耐受性随着时间的推移而发展,需要定期重新引入试验.
- 口服免疫疗法是IgE介导CMA的新兴治疗方法,而母乳养和及时补充养可能有助于预防.
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