英格兰医院获得的SARS-CoV-2的负担和动态
Ben S Cooper1,2, Stephanie Evans3, Yalda Jafari4
1NDM Centre for Global Health Research, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. ben.cooper@ndm.ox.ac.uk.
Nature
|October 18, 2023
概括
在COVID-19大流行期间,大量患者在医院感染了SARS-CoV-2. 减少医院传播是控制社区传播和保护脆弱患者的关键.
科学领域:
- 流行病学
- 传染性疾病
- 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 在以前的冠状病毒流行 (MERS-CoV,SARS-CoV) 中,医院传播起到了重要作用.
- 在SARS-CoV-2大流行期间对医院传播的大规模研究是有限的.
- 医院内传播对易受感染的患者构成风险,并可能影响社区传播.
研究的目的:
- 量化英格兰医院内SARS-CoV-2的传播情况.
- 确定在医院获得的SARS-CoV-2感染的途径和危险因素.
- 探索减少医院传播对社区抑制的影响.
主要方法:
- 来自英格兰急性医院的数据分析 (2020年6月至2021年3月).
- 医院内SARS-CoV-2传播率的量化.
- 时间序列分析以确定传播源和相关因素.
主要成果:
- 估计有95,000-167,000名住院患者在医院中感染了SARS-CoV-2 (1-2%的住院患者).
- 患有医院感染的患者是感染其他患者的主要来源.
- 单人病房数量较少,每张床加热量较少的医院显示感染率增加.
结论:
- 在医院获得的SARS-CoV-2传播很大,以前未被识别.
- 减少医院内传播可以显著提高公共卫生干预措施的有效性.
- 医院设计和控制措施需要加强以减轻未来病原体的传播.
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