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被绑在没有网络的蜘蛛身上:任务类型调节了在随后的反应中检索情感信息的过程
Lars-Michael Schöpper1, Alicia Jerusalem2, Lisann Lötzke3
1Department of Cognitive Psychology, University of Trier, Trier, Germany. schoepper@uni-trier.de.
Attention, perception & psychophysics
|October 18, 2023
概括
情感刺激会根据任务类型对行动控制产生不同的影响. 虽然蜘蛛在歧视任务中减缓了反应,但在本地化任务中只观察到回归的抑制.
科学领域:
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 人与计算机的交互
背景情况:
- 行动控制理论认为,刺激-反应特征形成了情节性记忆痕迹,影响了后续的表现.
- 约束效应在歧视任务中很常见,但在本地化任务中不存在,这些任务显示出阻碍返回 (IOR).
- 情感信息调节约束效应,但其对IOR的影响不一致.
研究的目的:
- 调查情感刺激如何影响区分与本地化任务中的行动控制.
- 确定与任务无关的情感价值是否影响响应检索和随后的行动.
主要方法:
- 参与者使用触摸板执行字母区分 (实验1) 和点定位 (实验2) 任务.
- 主探测序列包括水果和蜘蛛的空间一致图像,具有与任务无关的情感价值.
- 记录了响应时间和准确性,以分析约束效应和IOR.
主要成果:
- 在区分任务中,先前接触蜘蛛 (负价值) 与水果 (正价值) 相比,减缓了反应重复.
- 局部化任务始终显示返回抑制 (IOR),无论主要刺激的情感性质如何.
- 情感价值与反应集成,通过检索影响后续行动,但这种效应取决于任务.
结论:
- 情感信息对行动控制的影响取决于具体的任务需求.
- 这些发现表明,与任务无关的价值可以与动作表示集成,通过记忆检索影响性能.
- 这项研究阐明了情绪在行动控制中的微妙作用,突出了特定任务的调制.
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