森林生态系统服务和人为复杂性在喜马拉雅生物多样性热点地区的空间特征
Stutee Gupta1, Srishti Gwal2, Sarnam Singh3
1National Remote Sensing Centre, Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO), Hyderabad, Telangana, 500037, India.
Environmental monitoring and assessment
|October 18, 2023
概括
印度喜马拉雅山脉的人类活动严重威胁到森林生态系统服务 (FES). 这项研究绘制了FES和人类活动 (HA) 的地图,发现增加的HA会对FES提供产生负面影响.
科学领域:
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 地理空间分析的研究.
背景情况:
- 印度喜马拉雅地区的森林生态系统提供了对人类维持生命至关重要的基本生态系统服务 (ES).
- 快速的人类活动 (HA) 对森林生态系统服务 (FES) 的提供构成重大威胁.
- 基于指标的评估对于评估FES和HA至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 在印度Uttarakhand的阿格拉尔流域对FES和HA进行基于指标的绘制.
- 用地空间技术评估HA对FES的影响.
- 分析多种生态系统服务指标 (MESI) 和人类活动指数 (HAI) 之间的空间关系.
主要方法:
- 2015年对占主导地位的森林类型的FES和HA进行村级分析.
- 评估FES指标:森林碳库存,净初级生产率,总保留水和沉积物产量.
- 对HAI指标的评估:人口密度,道路密度,农田,以及建造HAI的居住比例.
- 使用普通最小平方回归 (OLS) 和地理加权回归 (GWR) 模型进行空间分析.
主要成果:
- 地理加权回归 (GWR) 模型表现出比普通最小平方回归 (OLS) 模型 (调整后的R2=0.21) 更好的匹配 (调整后的R2=0.68).
- 在多种生态系统服务指标 (MESI) 和人类活动指数 (HAI) 之间观察到一个反向关系.
- 调查结果强调了FES供应与人为干扰的负面影响之间存在强烈的相关性.
结论:
- 这项研究证实了人类活动对喜马拉雅地区森林生态系统服务的重大影响.
- 地理空间技术,特别是GWR,有效地捕捉了FES和HA影响的空间异质性.
- 这些发现为制定政策提供了科学基础,以确保喜马拉雅森林生态系统服务的长期可持续性.
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