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相关概念视频

Cells of the Adaptive Immune Response01:23

Cells of the Adaptive Immune Response

The T and B lymphocytes of the adaptive immune system develop from common lymphoid progenitor cells in the bone marrow. These progenitors give rise to precursors that eventually develop into both T and B lymphocytes. As these precursors mature, they gain the ability to detect and respond to foreign antigens in the body, a process known as immunocompetence. Additionally, these precursors acquire self-tolerance, a process that ensures they do not react to self-antigens. This intricate system...
Antigens Involved in Adaptive Immunity01:26

Antigens Involved in Adaptive Immunity

An antigen is any substance the immune system identifies as foreign and potentially harmful to the body, prompting an immune response. Antigens have two functional properties: immunogenicity and reactivity. Immunogenicity is the ability of an antigen to stimulate a specific immune response. At the same time, reactivity describes the antigen's ability to react with the cells and antibodies produced in response to it.
Complete Antigens
Complete antigens possess both immunogenicity and reactivity.
Diversity of Antigen Receptors01:28

Diversity of Antigen Receptors

Antigen receptors are essential components of the immune system crucial in defending the body against foreign invaders. These receptors are present on the surface of B and T cells, enabling them to recognize antigens and mount an appropriate immune response.
Before encountering any antigen, lymphocytes express these receptors. On B cells, the antigen receptor is a membrane-bound antibody molecule called BCR; on T cells, it is a T cell receptor or TCR. B and T cell receptors are composed of two...
Antigen Processing Pathways01:31

Antigen Processing Pathways

MHC molecules are key players in the immune response, enabling T cells to recognize and respond to specific antigens. They are present on the surface of all nucleated cells in the body and are instrumental in presenting antigens to T cells and activating them. T cells recognize the MHC-antigen complex and initiate an immune response. MHC class I and MHC class II are two main types of MHC molecules, each associated with a distinct antigen processing pathway.
MHC Class I: Presenting Endogenous...
T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection01:22

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection

T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...
B Cell Activation and Differentiation01:24

B Cell Activation and Differentiation

The adaptive immune response, a sophisticated defense mechanism, relies on the activation and differentiation of B lymphocytes, or B cells. These processes enable our bodies to mount a tailored response against specific pathogens such as bacteria, free virus particles, toxins, and parasites.
When naive B cells encounter a specific antigen that can bind to the B cell receptor (BCR) on their surface, they undergo sensitization to respond to the antigen's presence. Sensitization begins with...

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Detection of Human Leukocyte Antigen Biomarkers in Breast Cancer Utilizing Label-free Biosensor Technology
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重复的局部圆形突出补充了HLA表面特征.

Matthias Niemann1, Benedict M Matern1,2, Eric Spierings2,3

  • 1Research and Development, PIRCHE AG, Berlin, Germany.

HLA
|October 19, 2023
PubMed
概括

我们开发了雪球,一种新的方法来预测人类白细胞抗原 (HLA) 适用于移植的兼容性. 雪球比评估HLA分子形状的现有方法提供了更好的灵敏度,增强了移植生存预测.

关键词:
哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈深度神经网络是一个神经网络.圆形的配件适合圆形的配件分子匹配的分子匹配.这是一个突出突出.结构预测 结构预测

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科学领域:

  • 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
  • 生物信息学是一种生物信息学.
  • 计算生物学 计算生物学

背景情况:

  • 捐赠人白细胞抗原 (HLA) 的识别是影响长期移植成功的关键因素.
  • 目前用于HLA兼容性的分子匹配算法在充分理解潜在机制方面存在局限性.

研究的目的:

  • 开发一种更敏感的预测管道,称为雪球,用于评估HLA分子兼容性.
  • 改进ElliPro方法,通过代地将较小的圆体安装到底结构中.

主要方法:

  • 开发了雪球管道,使用代圆形适合HLA亚结构.
  • 计算了712个公共和78个阿尔法2预测的HLA结构的聚合突起等级.
  • 训练有素的深度神经网络预测器使用氨基酸序列和突出排名来推断所有已知的HLA序列的排名.
  • 实现了一个基于云的网络服务,集成了雪球的HLA匹配功能.

主要成果:

  • 雪球在分析细细的HLA结构,特别是HLA结合槽的螺旋结构方面表现出比ElliPro更高的灵敏度.
  • 当圆体安装在15 Å半径内的亚体结构时,该方法是有效的.
  • 该网络服务通过结合蛋白质和位置特定的表面积和突出等级来扩展雪花管道.

结论:

  • 与现有的方法相比,雪球管道为预测HLA兼容性提供了更敏感的方法.
  • 这一进步有可能通过更好地描述HLA分子形状和相互作用来提高预测移植存活率的准确性.