阴谋思维和浪漫主义在独裁政治上的长期历史阴影
Steven M Smallpage1, Robert L Askew2, Eric A Kurlander3
1Department of Political Science, Stetson University, DeLand, FL, United States.
Frontiers in psychology
|October 19, 2023
概括
阴谋论,伪科学和超自然的信仰并不完全预测威权主义的态度. 共同的"浪漫"思维方式,而不是个人信仰类型,推动了这些态度,这表明需要在错误信息干预中解决共同的认知因素.
科学领域:
- 心理学 心理学 心理学
- 政治科学 政治科学是指政治学.
- 社会学 社会学 社会学
背景情况:
- 现有的研究表明,阴谋论,伪科学和超自然信仰对专制态度的影响大小类似.
- 这种重叠表明了理解什么是独一无二地定义阴谋论的概念问题,以及它们对独裁意识形态的独特影响.
- 这项研究是第一个经验性地测试每个信念构造的独特预测能力与它们对独裁和反民主态度的共享共变性.
研究的目的:
- 实证地区分阴谋论,伪科学和超自然信仰在预测独裁和反民主态度方面的独特贡献.
- 调查这些信仰类型之间的共同差异,或每个信仰类型内的独特差异,是否是威权倾向的主要驱动因素.
- 确定预测威权主义和反民主态度的潜在心理因素.
主要方法:
- 对314名参与者进行了在线调查,收集了人口统计和心理指标.
- 使用等级因子模型将独特的差异与阴谋,超自然和伪科学信仰项目的共享共变性分离出来.
- 结构方程模型被用来评估这些信念对威权主义和反民主态度的独特和共同影响.
主要成果:
- 超自然思维,阴谋论和伪科学的综合测量模型显示出极好的匹配.
- 在共变量分割之前,每个构造都强烈预测了独裁和反民主的态度 (r = 0.730.86).
- 在将共享的共变性划分为更高层次的"浪漫"思维因素后,个人信仰的独特差异与专制态度无关或负相关. 这一高阶因素强烈预测了反民主态度 (β = 0.85,p < 0.01),表现优于政治党派 (β = 0.17,p < 0.01).
结论:
- 阴谋论的信念对专制和反民主的态度没有经验独特的预测能力.
- 一个共享的"浪漫"思维因素是威权主义和反民主态度的主要预测因素,可能解释干预失败.
- 未来的研究应该集中在不合理的信念的共同认知特征上,以打击错误信息,阴谋思维,反科学态度和威权主义.
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