概括
激光传输受到降雨的显著影响. 雪造成的灭绝率是雨的7倍,混合降雨的灭绝率与雨相比,突出显示了含水量.
科学领域:
- 大气光学是大气光学.
- 激光物理学的激光物理学
- 遥感是一种远程传感.
背景情况:
- 激光辐射传播受到来自降水,气溶和分子的大气灭绝的影响.
- 对于在大气传输窗口中运行的基于激光的系统来说,了解降水的影响至关重要,特别是在1μm左右.
- 高功率激光传输研究对于自由空间光学通信和传感等应用是必不可少的.
研究的目的:
- 调查恶劣天气条件,特别是降雨对1.03微米高功率激光传输的影响.
- 量化不同类型降水 (雨,雪,小雨,混合) 的灭绝系数及其与降水率和可见度的关系.
- 将实验灭绝系数与基于粒子大小分布和光学性质的理论模型进行比较.
主要方法:
- 在自由空间激光传输实验中,使用1.03μm的高功率激光在专门的测试范围内进行了实验.
- 使用气象仪器持续监测当地天气条件和降水情况.
- 从传输测量中推导灭绝系数,并与结合几何光学和散射效应的理论模型进行比较.
主要成果:
- 灭绝系数在雪 (7倍) 和小雨/雨 (4倍) 中明显高于降雨时降雨率为1毫米/小时.
- 混合降雨和降雪的降水显示灭绝与雨相比,表明含水量的强烈影响.
- 对于小雨和雨来说,在灭绝系数和可见性之间观察到良好的相关性,对于雪来说,分散度略高.
- 实验结果显示,与雨理论模型的合理一致,并且在纳入前向散射时,对雪的一致性显著改善.
结论:
- 降水类型和水含量是影响激光灭绝的关键因素.
- 雪导致的灭绝率远远高于雨,这对激光系统构成了重大挑战.
- 理论模型,特别是当包括前向散射时,可以合理地预测在各种降水条件下激光灭绝.
- 这些发现对于在不同的大气环境中设计和运行可靠的激光系统至关重要.
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