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通过单原子催化剂在水处理中产生反应性物种

Virender K Sharma¹, Xingmao Ma², Radek Zboril^3,4

¹Program for the Environment and Sustainability, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA. vsharma@tamu.edu.

Chemical Society reviews

|October 19, 2023

概括

单原子催化剂 (SAC) 为水处理中先进的氧化过程 (AOP) 提供了一种新的方法. 可以调整SAC以产生选择性反应物种,克服复杂水矩阵中传统AOP的局限性.

科学领域:

环境化学环境化学
材料科学材料科学材料科学
催化剂是一种催化剂.

背景情况:

全球水资源短缺需要先进的水处理解决方案.
传统的水处理系统在复杂的基质 (高离子,天然有机物质) 中与低度污染物作斗争.
先进的氧化过程 (AOPs) 产生用于污染物降解的活性物种.

研究的目的:

审查单原子催化剂 (SAC) 在处理水的AOP中的应用.
探索SACs激活的AOP的机制方面,并将其与传统AOP进行比较.
突出SAC在处理复杂水矩阵中的优势.

主要方法:

对过氧化和硫酸盐激活中的SACs现有文献的审查.
通过SACs生成反应性物种的机制性途径的分析.
激进与非激进物种选择性和稳定性在现实水中的比较.

主要成果:

SACs可以激活过氧化物以产生反应性物种,包括基 (硫酸盐,) 和非基 (单氧,高价值金属).
可以设计SAC来选择性地产生非激进物种,这些物种不受水矩阵组件 (离子,NOM) 的影响.
使用SAC的非激进主导AOP显示出高效率和对复杂水处理的最小干扰.

结论:

适当设计的SAC是净化水的有效催化剂,提供高效率.
与传统的AOP相比,SAC提供了显著的优势,因为它最大限度地减少了复杂水成分的干扰.
SAC代表了实现水资源可持续性目标的有希望的技术.

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