老年人的孤独和认知功能:15个国家的纵向分析
Laura Cachón-Alonso1, Christian Hakulinen1, Markus Jokela1
1Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki.
Psychology and aging
|October 19, 2023
概括
孤独与65岁及以上成年人的认知能力下降有关. 较低的语言流性也预测了这个年龄组中孤独感的增加,这表明孤独感是认知障碍的心理社会风险因素.
科学领域:
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 认知神经科学 认知神经科学
- 社会心理学 社会心理学
背景情况:
- 孤独感是老年人群中日益关注的一个问题.
- 了解孤独与认知功能之间的双向关系对于公共卫生至关重要.
- 以前的研究对这种关联的方向性产生了不同的结果.
研究的目的:
- 研究老年人孤独与认知表现之间的关联的方向性.
- 为了检查孤独是否预测认知能力下降,或者认知能力下降是否导致孤独.
- 探索这些关系跨越不同的年龄层和与退休状态的关系.
主要方法:
- 利用了来自欧洲健康,老龄化和退休调查 (SHARE) 的55662名50岁或以上的成年人的数据.
- 采用三波随机拦截交叉滞后面板模型 (RI-CLPM) 来分析纵向关联.
- 通过使用三项孤独度量和直接问题评估孤独感,并通过口语流利,数学的能力,即时回忆和延迟回忆来评估认知表现.
主要成果:
- 在50-64岁的成年人中,孤独与认知表现之间没有显著的关联.
- 在65岁以上的成年人中,孤独预测了随后的四个领域的认知表现下降.
- 在老年人 (≥65岁) 中,较低的口语流性预测了随后的浪潮中孤独感的增加.
结论:
- 孤独是65岁及以上成年人认知能力下降的心理社会风险因素.
- 这些发现强调了解决孤独的重要性,以减轻老年人的认知障碍.
- 针对孤独的干预措施可能对在晚年维持认知健康产生积极影响.
更多相关视频
09:01A Method for Investigating Age-related Differences in the Functional Connectivity of Cognitive Control Networks Associated with Dimensional Change Card Sort Performance
Published on: May 7, 2014
10.2K
11:21Methodology for Establishing a Community-Wide Life Laboratory for Capturing Unobtrusive and Continuous Remote Activity and Health Data
Published on: July 27, 2018
8.2K
相关概念视频
01:30Cognitive Development During Adulthood
125
Cognitive development continues throughout adulthood, undergoing significant shifts across early, middle, and late stages. Individual transition occurs from adolescent idealism to pragmatic and adaptable thinking in early adulthood. During this period, individuals learn to integrate personal beliefs with the recognition that other perspectives are equally valid. Exposure to the complexities of modern society, diverse experiences, and higher education contribute to this adaptive thought process,...
125
02:20Longitudinal Research
12.0K
Sometimes we want to see how people change over time, as in studies of human development and lifespan. When we test the same group of individuals repeatedly over an extended period of time, we are conducting longitudinal research. Longitudinal research is a research design in which data-gathering is administered repeatedly over an extended period of time. For example, we may survey a group of individuals about their dietary habits at age 20, retest them a decade later at age 30, and then again...
12.0K
01:26Aging
59
Aging is a complex biological phenomenon influenced by various processes that affect cellular and systemic functions. Several prominent theories attempt to explain its mechanisms, highlighting cellular limitations, oxidative damage, and hormonal changes as central factors in aging.
Cellular Clock Theory
The cellular clock theory posits that the human lifespan is closely tied to the finite capacity of cells to divide, a phenomenon governed by telomeres, which are protective caps at the ends of...
Cellular Clock Theory
The cellular clock theory posits that the human lifespan is closely tied to the finite capacity of cells to divide, a phenomenon governed by telomeres, which are protective caps at the ends of...
59
01:19The Effect of Aging on Tissues
2.1K
Several body functions deteriorate with age. The external signs of aging are easily identifiable. For example, the skin becomes dry, less elastic, and thins out, forming wrinkles. The skin of the face begins to appear looser due to a decrease in the levels of elastic and collagen fibers in the connective tissue. Additionally, melanin production in the hair follicle decreases with age, resulting in gray hair. Moreover, the senses of sight and hearing decline, so glasses and hearing aids may...
2.1K
01:27Erikson's Theory on Socioemotional Development during Adulthood
101
Erik Erikson's theory of psychosocial development outlines a series of stages through which individuals progress across the lifespan. Each stage involves a psychosocial conflict that significantly influences personal growth and well-being. Three key stages — intimacy versus isolation, generativity versus stagnation, and integrity versus despair — highlight the developmental challenges faced in adulthood.
Intimacy Versus Isolation in Early Adulthood
Individuals in early...
Intimacy Versus Isolation in Early Adulthood
Individuals in early...
101
01:26Longitudinal Studies
171
Longitudinal studies are also widely used in other medical and social science fields. For instance, in cardiovascular research, they can monitor patients' health over decades to identify risk factors for heart disease, such as high cholesterol or smoking, and evaluate the long-term effectiveness of preventive measures. Similarly, in mental health studies, researchers might follow individuals from adolescence into adulthood to understand the development and progression of conditions like...
171