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扩散史和双向人鱼宿主切换的入侵性,高毒性Streptococcus agalactiae序列类型283的扩散史和双向人鱼宿主切换

Daniel Schar¹, Zhenyu Zhang², Joao Pires³

¹Spatial Epidemiology Laboratory, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.

PLOS global public health

|October 19, 2023

概括

B组链球菌 (GBS) ST 283,与鱼类相关,从亚洲传播到全球. 人与鱼之间的传播更为常见,突出的是卫生环境.

科学领域:

微生物学微生物学
基因组学就是基因组学.
流行病学流行病学

背景情况:

人类的B组链球菌 (GBS) 感染,特别是高病毒性序列类型 (ST) 283,越来越多地与亚洲的淡水鱼类消费有关.
目前尚不清楚GBS ST283的进化起源,全球传播和宿主跳跃动态.

研究的目的:

重建GBS ST283的地理分布历史和进化路径.
调查宿主切换事件以及GBS ST283.3.中的抗菌素耐药性和病毒性基因的动态.
确定关键的传播枢纽,并了解影响这种病原体全球扩散的因素.

主要方法:

在11个国家 (1998-2021) 进行了328个来自人类和鱼类的GBS ST283分离物的全基因组测序.
贝叶斯的植物地理分析,以推断分散路线和时间线.
分析遗传标记,宿主关联数据和基因增加/损失,以研究宿主切换和适应.

主要成果:

GBS ST283在20世纪80年代初出现,最初在亚洲分散,新加坡,泰国和香港成为早期中心.
从越南开始的洲际传播始于2000年代初,这表明了重要的地理扩张潜力.
观察到双向宿主切换,人类对鱼的转换比鱼对人类的转换更频繁,基因损失 (抗微生物耐药性,毒性) 的频率高于进化时间的增加.

结论:

GBS ST283具有动态的进化历史,涉及显著的地理传播和宿主过渡,部分是由水产养殖业推动的.
有效的废水管理,卫生和卫生设施对于中断人鱼传播链至关重要.
加强监测和临床意识是必要的,以管理这种新出现的病原体,并减轻其对公共卫生的影响.

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