微型和纳米塑料用于环境研究的标签:最先进的技术和未来的挑战
Yin Liu1, Jie Li2, Bogdan V Parakhonskiy2
1Department of Environment, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
Journal of hazardous materials
|October 19, 2023
概括
微塑料和纳米塑料 (MNP) 标签技术对于环境研究至关重要. 本综述对方法进行了分类,重点介绍了用于直接检测的光和金属标签以及用于保存MNP属性的同位素标签.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 分析化学 分析化学
- 聚合物科学 聚合物科学
背景情况:
- 在环境矩阵中研究微塑料和纳米塑料 (MNP) 提出了重大挑战.
- 最近标签技术的进步为加强MNP研究提供了有希望的解决方案.
研究的目的:
- 提供对微塑料和纳米塑料 (MNP) 标签技术及其应用进行系统和深入的审查.
- 将MNP标签方法分类并讨论它们的合成,检测,影响因素和挑战.
主要方法:
- 将MNP标签技术分为四种主要类型:光,金属,稳定同位素和放射性同位素.
- 讨论每个标签类型的合成和检测方法.
- 对每个技术的影响因素,当前应用和未来挑战的分析.
主要成果:
- 直接标签 (光灯,金属) 有助于可视化和选择性检测,但可能导致非目标材料的联合标签.
- 同位素标记 (例如13C,14C) 保留了固有的MNP特性,但未被探索.
- 检测极限取决于粒子大小和矩阵;光标签适合微塑料,而金属标签更适合纳米塑料.
结论:
- 多种塑料的标签对促进对塑料在环境中的行为的基本理解,特别是对于较小的碎片,具有显著的前景.
- 开发最小限度地改变MNP特性,特别是表面特征的标签技术仍然是一个关键的挑战.
- 建议对稳定和放射性同位素标签进行进一步的研究,以利用它们在维护MNP完整性的优势.
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