血清能神经元参与对低血糖的反调节反应
Hugo Martin1, Adeline Coursan1, Justine Lallement2
1Université Bordeaux, INRAE, Bordeaux INP, NutriNeuro, UMR 1286, Bordeaux, France.
Journal of neuroendocrinology
|October 19, 2023
概括
强化胰岛素治疗可能会导致低血糖. 这项研究表明,背脊 (DR) 中的血清素 (5-HT) 神经元检测出低血糖水平,并有助于调节反调节反应 (CRR).
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 内分泌学 在内分泌学.
- 代谢调节 代谢调节 代谢调节
背景情况:
- 强化胰岛素治疗对于糖尿病管理至关重要,但也可能导致阴性低血糖症.
- 中腹下垂体 (VMH) 是一个已知的反调节反应 (CRR) 启动中心.
- 血清素 (5-HT) 网络在 CRR 监管中的作用仍在调查中.
研究的目的:
- 研究血清素 (5-HT) 神经元对控制反调节反应 (CRR) 的贡献.
- 为了确定5-HT神经元是否检测胰岛素诱导的低血糖,并调节CRR.
主要方法:
- 在使用HPLC的脑区域中量化了5-HT水平.
- 通过补丁电生理学测量了背部拉菲 (DR) 5-HT神经元活动.
- 评估葡萄糖分泌作为CRR指数,使用药理和化学遗传抑制5-HT神经元.
主要成果:
- 胰岛素诱导的低血糖会增加大脑区域的5HIAA/5HT比率,包括VMH.
- 胰岛素,没有降低葡萄糖,增加了DR 5-HT神经元发射频率.
- 抑制5-HT神经元损害了葡萄糖分泌,表明CRR降低.
结论:
- DR 5-HT神经元检测因胰岛素水平升高引发的阳性低血糖症.
- 这些发现确定了一种新的神经网络,涉及DR 5-HT神经元,用于调节CRR.
- 血清激素神经元在身体对低血糖的反应中发挥着重要作用.
相关概念视频
Hypoglycemia and Glucagon
274
Without prolonged fasting, healthy individuals maintain blood glucose levels above 3.5 mM due to a well-adapted neuroendocrine counterregulatory system that effectively prevents acute hypoglycemia, a potentially life-threatening condition. The primary clinical scenarios for hypoglycemia encompass diabetes treatment, inappropriate production of endogenous insulin or insulin-like substances by tumors, and the use of glucose-lowering agents in non-diabetic individuals. Notably, hypoglycemia in the...
274
Regulation of Food Intake
248
Short-term regulation of food intake primarily involves neural signals from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, blood nutrient levels, and GI tract hormones. Communication between the gut and brain via vagal nerve fibers plays a significant role in evaluating the contents of the gut. Clinical studies have shown that protein ingestion produces a more prolonged response in these nerve fibers compared to an equivalent amount of glucose. Additionally, the activation of stretch receptors caused by GI...
248
Glucose Homeostasis: Pancreatic Islets and Insulin Secretion
1.3K
The pancreatic islets comprising only 1%-2% of the volume are highly vascularized and innervated mini-organs. They contain five endocrine cell types, including β cells that secrete insulin, which is synthesized as a single polypeptide chain, preproinsulin, processed to proinsulin, and finally to insulin and C-peptide. This process is complex and regulated, involving the Golgi complex, the endoplasmic reticulum, and the secretory granules of the β cell.
Insulin and C-peptide are...
Insulin and C-peptide are...
1.3K
Hormones Regulating Blood Glucose
3.4K
Insulin is released by beta cells of the pancreas when blood glucose levels are high. It facilitates glucose absorption and utilization in insulin-dependent cells with insulin receptors on their plasma membranes. Insulin promotes glucose uptake by increasing the number of glucose transport proteins in the cell membrane, allowing glucose to enter the cell. As a result, glucose utilization and ATP production are enhanced.
In addition to accelerating glucose uptake and utilization, insulin has...
In addition to accelerating glucose uptake and utilization, insulin has...
3.4K
Glucose Homeostasis: Regulation of Blood Glucose
1.7K
Carbohydrates consumed through foods are converted into glucose, a crucial energy source for the body. In the prandial state, high blood glucose levels stimulate the secretion of insulin from the pancreas. Insulin inhibits hepatic glucose production and stimulates glucose uptake and metabolism by muscle and adipose tissue. The excess glucose is converted into glycogen and stored in the liver and muscles.
During fasting, when blood glucose levels are low, the pancreas secretes glucagon. it...
During fasting, when blood glucose levels are low, the pancreas secretes glucagon. it...
1.7K
Feedback Loops
57.6K
In most cases, excessive hormone production is prevented by negative feedback—a loop that starts with a stimulus inducing the release of a particular substance, like a hormone, to maintain a certain level before triggering a signal that results in a decrease in further release of the hormone.
57.6K


