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评估老年大脑的认知衰退:来自动物和人类研究的教训
D V C Brito1,2, F Esteves1,2, A T Rajado1,2
1Algarve Biomedical Center-Research Institute (ABC-RI), Campus Gambelas, Bld.2, Faro, Portugal.
npj aging
|October 19, 2023
概括
衰老显著影响认知功能和大脑健康. 这次审查弥合了与年龄相关的认知衰退的人类和动物研究之间的差距,改善了研究翻译.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
背景情况:
- 全球预期寿命的增加凸显了与年龄相关的功能障碍对社会的影响.
- 认知能力下降和神经系统疾病与衰老有着密切的联系.
- 与年龄相关的认知变化会影响记忆和大脑结构,即使没有痴呆.
研究的目的:
- 审查与年龄相关的大脑变化和认知衰退.
- 整合人类和动物研究的发现.
- 在临床前和临床研究中比较认知测试方法.
主要方法:
- 关于衰老和认知的临床前和临床研究的文献综述.
- 对认知评估工具的分析,从传统到虚拟现实范式.
- 研究和临床试验招生中的行为范式的比较.
主要成果:
- 在临床前与临床衰老研究中使用的方法存在显著差异.
- 人类和动物的认知测试显示了相似之处,但往往缺乏直接比较.
- 虚拟现实范式为评估与年龄相关的认知变化提供了新的方法.
结论:
- 标准化认知评估方法对于老龄化转化研究至关重要.
- 弥合动物模型和人类研究之间的差距可以加速对认知衰老的理解.
- 本综述为协调研究方法以打击与年龄相关的认知衰退提供了一个框架.
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