基于机器学习的预测模型,用于COVID-19患者的家庭出院:使用电子健康记录的开发和评估
Ruben D Zapata1, Shu Huang2, Earl Morris2
1Department of Health Outcomes and Biomedical Informatics, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, United States of America.
PloS one
|October 20, 2023
概括
机器学习模型使用电子健康记录 (EHR) 预测COVID-19患者的出院情况. 这些工具有助于分配医疗保健资源,通过识别需要替代护理与家庭出院的患者.
科学领域:
- 医疗信息学 医疗信息学
- 医疗保健中的机器学习
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 住院的COVID-19患者需要处置规划.
- 电子健康记录 (EHR) 包含有价值的数据来预测患者的结果.
- 在公共卫生危机期间,有效的资源配置至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 开发和验证机器学习 (ML) 模型,用于预测COVID-19患者倾向.
- 为了确定住院COVID-19患者是否会被接收到替代护理或在家出院.
- 为改善医疗保健决策利用EHR数据.
主要方法:
- 对1578名住院COVID-19患者进行了回顾性队列研究.
- 开发和验证六个监督的ML模型 (例如,随机森林,物流回归).
- 模型性能使用ROC-AUC,精度,准确性,F1分数和Brier分数进行评估.
主要成果:
- 随机森林分类器实现了最高的准确性 (0.84) 和AUC (0.72).
- 其他模型,如物流回归,也显示出强大的预测能力 (准确度:0.85,AUC:0.71).
- 这些模型在预测患者出院状态方面表现出了宝贵的性能.
结论:
- 使用EHR数据的ML模型可以有效地预测COVID-19患者的性情.
- 这些预测工具对于在流行病期间优化医疗保健资源配置至关重要.
- 可解释的ML方法可以提高对影响医疗保健决策的因素的理解.
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