同行领导的培训改善了职业船员的救生衣穿戴:来自乌干达阿尔伯特湖的一个集群随机对照试验的证据
Frederick Oporia1, Simon P S Kibira2, Jagnoor Jagnoor3
1Department of Disease Control and Environmental Health, Makerere University School of Public Health, Kampala, Uganda.
PloS one
|October 20, 2023
概括
同行指导的培训显著提高了乌干达职业船员的救生衣使用率. 这种干预是减少低收入国家溺水事件的关键.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 职业安全 在职业安全.
- 伤害预防 预防伤害
背景情况:
- 溺水是全球主要的健康负担,特别是低收入和中等收入国家的职业船员.
- 在乌干达,高比例的与划船相关的溺水死亡发生在没有戴救生衣的情况下.
- 这突显了迫切需要有效的干预措施来促进救生衣的使用.
研究的目的:
- 实施和评估一个以同行为主导的培训计划,旨在增加职业船员的救生衣穿戴.
- 评估这种干预措施在面临高溺水风险的人群中的有效性.
主要方法:
- 一个集群随机对照试验在乌干达阿尔伯特湖进行,涉及14个着陆地点.
- 干预组接受了为期六个月的同行救生衣培训,而对照组接受了标准的安全意识信息.
- 通过自我报告和直接观察来测量救生衣的穿戴,并使用治疗意图和治疗原则进行分析.
主要成果:
- 在干预组中,自我报告的救生衣穿戴率从30.8%增加到65.1%,而在对照组中则从29.9%增加到43.2%.
- 观察到的救生衣磨损率从干预组的1.0%上升至26.8%,而对照组的0.6%至8.8%.
- 自我报告和观察到的救生衣佩戴增加均具有统计学意义 (p<0.001),调整后的患病率比率表明干预组的佩戴更高.
结论:
- 同行指导的培训是提高职业船员使用救生衣的高效策略.
- 该研究建议扩大这些计划,以减少乌干达和类似地区的溺水死亡.
- 政府机构和地方管理委员会之间的合作对于项目实施至关重要.
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