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移动元素在虫共生体提供的服务中产生了菌株水平的变化

Vilas Patel¹, Nicole Lynn-Bell¹, Germain Chevignon²

¹Department of Entomology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA.

Environmental microbiology

|October 21, 2023

概括

豆的细菌共生体Hamiltonella defensa中的移动遗传元素驱动菌株变异,并影响虫对寄生虫的防御. 这凸显了共生物多样性在节肢动物进化中的作用.

科学领域:

微生物生态学微生物生态学
进化生物学进化生物学
昆虫与微生物的相互作用

背景情况:

在关节动物中,可遗传的,有能力的共生体很普遍,通常会赋予宿主防御能力.
移动遗传元素 (MGE) 是共生体中基因组变异和表型多样性的关键驱动因素,尽管它们的基因组减少了.
共生体Hamiltonella defensa,特别是其细菌菌体 (APSEs) 的菌株水平变化与对寄生虫的防御差异有关.

研究的目的:

解开Hamiltonella defensa基因型和APSE类型对虫抗寄生虫防御的贡献.
调查H. defensa中APSEs的进化动态及其在快速适应中的作用.
探索与Fukatsuia symbiotica共感染的基因组基础及其对H. defensa.的潜在影响.

主要方法:

具有不同APSE类型的H. defensa分离物的比较基因组学.
与特定的APSE毒性模块相关的虫防御水平的表型分析.
基因组分析以确定与F. symbiotica. 同感染相关的遗传元素.

主要成果:

虫保护水平与APSE毒性模块类型直接相关,独立于H. defensa基因型.
有证据表明,APSEs在H. defensa中经历了反复的水平转移,促进了防御机制的快速演变.
基因组数据不支持营养相互作用作为与F. symbiotica共感染的主要驱动因素,但细菌素等离子体是共同感染菌株的独特特征.

结论:

共生体内的菌株多样性,加上MGE和共生体的水平基因转移,显著促进了节肢动物的快速进化适应.
在以共生体为媒介的防御中,APSE对于调解应变水平变化至关重要.
共生生物及其宿主的共同进化动态是由移动遗传元素和水平转移事件所塑造的.

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