刻板印象问题:关于对话伙伴的刻板印象如何反映在问题制定中
Camiel J Beukeboom1, Christian Burgers2, Maxim van Woerkom1
1Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Personality & social psychology bulletin
|October 21, 2023
概括
关于交谈伙伴的刻板印象影响话题选择和问题措辞. 人们问的问题与刻板印象一致,可能会影响人们对谈话和伴侣的看法.
科学领域:
- 社会心理学 社会心理学
- 沟通研究 沟通研究
- 认知科学 认知科学
背景情况:
- 关于交谈伙伴的激活刻板印象可以无意识地塑造沟通行为.
- 了解这些刻板印象如何影响人际互动对于有效的沟通至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查关于分类对话伙伴的刻板印象是否以及如何影响话题选择和问题制定.
- 基于刻板印象的一致性来检查问题的语言特征.
- 探讨受访者对基于刻板印象的质询的可检测性及其对评估的影响.
主要方法:
- 进行了四项实验,参与者想象了与伴侣的对话,这些伴侣的性别或年龄刻板印象是通过图片操纵的.
- 基于刻板印象期望,分析了参与者的话题选择和问题表述.
- 语言特征,包括副词的频率和价值,与刻板印象一致和不一致的问题相比被检查.
主要成果:
- 参与者更有可能讨论主题,并提出与刻板印象期望相一致的问题.
- 关于刻板印象一致的主题的问题倾向于使用高频副词和积极价值.
- 关于刻板印象不一致的主题的问题更有可能使用低频副词和负价值.
结论:
- 刻板印象在很大程度上指导了对话话题的选择和问题措辞,往往强化了刻板印象的期望.
- 问题中的微妙的语言变化反映了潜在的刻板印象,可能会影响对话伙伴的评估.
- 接收者可以检测基于刻板印象的询问,这可能会影响他们对互动和询问者的看法.
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