在活性污泥系统中,DNA病毒群体的全球多样性和生物地理
Xiangyu Fan1,2, Mengzhi Ji3,4, Dashuai Mu5,6
1School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong Province, China. fxysnd@126.com.
Microbiome
|October 21, 2023
概括
废水活性污泥 (AS) 系统中的病毒是多种多样的,并在全球范围内影响微生物代谢和营养循环. 这些病毒携带关键基因,包括抗生素耐药性基因 (ARG),影响废水处理厂的稳定性.
科学领域:
- 环境微生物学环境微生物学
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 污水处理 污水处理 污水处理
背景情况:
- 废水处理厂 (WWTP) 中的活性污泥 (AS) 系统拥有丰富的病毒,对微生物代谢和营养循环至关重要.
- 对全球病毒分类学多样性和AS系统中的功能特征的有限理解需要进一步调查.
研究的目的:
- 研究AS系统中DNA病毒社区的全球多样性和生物地理.
- 描述病毒的功能特征及其对AS系统稳定性和生物地化学循环的影响.
主要方法:
- 分析了来自13个国家的54个WWTP的144个AS样本中的85,114个病毒操作分类单位 (vOTU).
- 研究病毒社区结构,功能特征和生物地理模式 (距离衰变关系和度多样性梯度).
主要成果:
- AS病毒群落和功能特征显示出全球距离衰变关系和度多样性梯度.
- 地理因素和废水类型显著影响了病毒社区和功能基因结构,地理更为占主导地位.
- 病毒携带营养循环的辅助代谢基因 (AMG) 和抗生素耐药性基因 (ARG),作为ARG的储存库.
结论:
- 在AS系统中的病毒在全球范围内表现出高度的分类学和功能多样性.
- 病毒溶解和水平基因转移 (HGT) 调节生物地球化学循环,影响WWTP的性能.
- 病毒在营养循环中发挥着重要作用,是AS系统中ARG的关键储存库.
更多相关视频
10:43Unraveling the Unseen Players in the Ocean - A Field Guide to Water Chemistry and Marine Microbiology
Published on: November 5, 2014
25.7K
11:37Simultaneous DNA-RNA Extraction from Coastal Sediments and Quantification of 16S rRNA Genes and Transcripts by Real-time PCR
Published on: June 11, 2016
17.7K
相关概念视频
Viruses of Archaea
12
Archaeal viruses play a crucial role in the ecosystems of extremophilic archaea, particularly those belonging to the phyla Euryarchaeota and Crenarchaeota. By shaping host evolution and facilitating gene transfer, these viruses influence microbial communities and contribute to genetic diversity in extreme environments. The archaea they infect thrive in acidic hot springs and hydrothermal vents characterized by high temperatures and low pH. Archaeal viruses exhibit remarkable structural...
12
Applications of Molecular Taxonomy
25
Molecular taxonomy has revolutionized the understanding and classification of bacteria, providing precise insights into their diversity, evolutionary relationships, and ecological roles. By utilizing molecular techniques such as DNA sequencing and fingerprinting, researchers have made significant strides in various fields related to bacterial studies.Resolving Taxonomic AmbiguitiesMolecular taxonomy has been instrumental in distinguishing closely related bacterial species initially thought to...
25
Diversity of Archaea IV
35
Hyperthermophilic archaea are a group of extremophiles thriving at temperatures above 80°C, often in hydrothermal vents and volcanic soils where conditions surpass the boiling point of water. At such temperatures, proteins, membranes, and DNA in most organisms degrade, but hyperthermophiles have evolved remarkable adaptations to maintain stability and function.Unique Cellular FeaturesHyperthermophilic membranes are composed of a monolayer of biphytanyl tetraether lipids, which resist...
35
Diversity of Archaea II
21
Archaea, one of the three domains of life, exhibit remarkable diversity and adaptability, thriving in both extreme and moderate environments. Historically, most identified archaea have been classified into two major phyla: Euryarchaeota and Crenarchaeota. However, recent molecular studies have expanded this classification to include three additional phyla: Thaumarchaeota, Nanoarchaeota, and Korarchaeota, each exhibiting unique characteristics and ecological roles.Thaumarchaeota: Mesophiles...
21
Modern Molecular Taxonomy
26
Advancements in molecular biology have revolutionized the identification and characterization of bacteria, with multiple methods leveraging DNA sequencing for enhanced precision. As sequencing technologies improve and costs decline, these approaches are increasingly used in clinical, environmental, and evolutionary studies.Multilocus Sequence Typing (MLST) examines several housekeeping genes, essential chromosomal genes encoding cellular functions, to distinguish strains. Approximately...
26
Diversity of Archaea III
16
Crenarchaeota, a prominent phylum of Archaea, is remarkable for its ability to thrive in extreme environments characterized by high temperatures and acidity. These microorganisms inhabit sulfuric hot springs, volcanic systems, and submarine hydrothermal vents, where temperatures often exceed 100°C. The unique adaptations of Crenarchaeota not only allow survival under such extreme conditions but also provide insights into the mechanisms of life in primordial Earth-like...
16
