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多语言能否作为一种保护因素 (认知储备),防止多发性硬化症的认知障碍? :一个回顾性队列研究
Sarah A Morrow1, Abedallah A K Balusha2, Heather Rosehart2
1Department of Clinical Neurological Sciences, London Health Sciences Centre, University of Western Ontario (Western), London, ON Canada..
Multiple sclerosis and related disorders
|October 22, 2023
概括
多语言并不保护患有多发性硬化症 (MS) 的人的认知障碍. 这项研究没有发现任何证据表明,说多种语言可以丰富MS (PwMS) 患者的认知储备.
科学领域:
- 神经学 神经学
- 认知科学 认知科学
背景情况:
- 认知障碍 (CI) 影响了大约一半的多发性硬化症 (MS) 患者.
- 认知储备,可能由诸如多语言学等因素增强,可能会延迟或减缓MS患者的CI进展.
- 虽然多语言学与阿尔茨海默病的延迟CI有关,但其对MS的影响尚未研究.
研究的目的:
- 调查多语言是否能在患有多发性硬化症的人群中对认知障碍产生保护作用.
主要方法:
- 一项回顾性队列研究分析了678名患有多发性硬化症 (PwMS) 的18-59岁的人,他们被诊断患有复发性多发性硬化症.
- 认知功能使用MS认知功能的最小评估 (MACFIMS) 进行评估,重点是简要视觉空间记忆测试 (BVMTR) 和符号数字模式测试 (SDMT).
- 统计分析,包括单向ANOVA和千平方测试,比较了单语和多语PwMS之间的认知分数和损伤率.
主要成果:
- 在单语组和多语组之间的BVMTR即时回忆,延迟回忆或SDMT得分中没有发现显著差异.
- 在单语 (83%) 和多语 (17%) 队列中,BVMTR和SDMT的损伤率没有显著差异.
- 该研究包括678名PwMS,平均年龄为39.7岁;17%是多语言的.
结论:
- 多语言似乎没有保护性作用,防止MS患者的认知障碍.
- 与阿尔茨海默病的研究结果不同,多语言学并没有证明在增强PwMS的认知储备方面发挥作用.
- 多发性硬化和阿尔茨海默病之间潜在的病理机制的差异可能解释了这些对比的发现.
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