管理的综合性框架:需要将野生动物科学,One Health和跨学科观点联系起来
Erika T Machtinger1, Karen C Poh2, Risa Pesapane3
1The Pennsylvania State University, Department of Entomology, 4 Chemical Ecology Laboratory, University Park, PA 16802, USA,.
Current opinion in insect science
|October 22, 2023
概括
媒介性疾病威胁全球健康,由环境和人为因素驱动. 一个健康的方法对于理解和管理这些复杂的传播疾病至关重要.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 兽医医学 兽医医学 兽医医学
背景情况:
- 载体传播疾病对人类和动物构成重大全球健康风险.
- 疾病的出现是多因素的,受环境变化,宿主特征和人类活动的影响.
- 人类对生态系统的影响,包括捕食者-猎物动态,可以促进疾病的出现.
研究的目的:
- 强调对调查传播疾病的一种健康方法的必要性.
- 探索疾病出现中环境,动物和人类健康之间的复杂联系.
- 突出全球贸易和旅行在引入入侵载体和动物传染病风险方面的作用.
主要方法:
- 审查当前关于载体传播疾病出现的研究.
- 分析人为变化对生态系统和疾病载体的影响.
- 促进动物传染病原体传播的因素的跨学科综合.
主要成果:
- 环境变化和人类行为是载体传播疾病出现的关键驱动因素.
- 通过全球贸易和旅行引入的侵入性载体物种增加了动物传播疾病的风险.
- 由于人类活动而改变的捕食者种群对野生动物和疾病动态产生级联影响.
结论:
- 一个全面的健康战略对于解决传播疾病至关重要.
- 跨学科的研究对于在"一个健康"框架内应对这些疾病带来的复杂挑战至关重要.
- 了解人类-动物-环境相互作用对于减轻载体传播疾病的威胁至关重要.
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