针对个人风险因素量身定制的农村退伍军人戒烟干预措施:一个多中心随机临床试验
Mark W Vander Weg1, M Bryant Howren2, Kathleen M Grant3
1Center for Access & Delivery Research and Evaluation (CADRE), Iowa City VA Health Care System, United States of America; Department of Community and Behavioral Health, University of Iowa College of Public Health, United States of America; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, United States of America; Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Iowa, United States of America; VA Office of Rural Health (ORH), Veterans Rural Health Resource Center-Iowa City, United States of America.
量身定制的电话咨询改善了农村退伍军人同时出现问题的短期戒烟. 然而,长期戒烟的成功率并没有显著提高,这表明可能需要更长的治疗时间.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 行为科学 行为科学
- 成 药物 药物 药物 药物
背景情况:
- 在农村人口中,吸烟率很高.
- 吸烟通常与抑郁症,滥用酒精和体重问题同时发生,使戒烟复杂化.
- 对于这些同时出现的问题,综合干预措施的有效性尚不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 评估一个针对戒烟的电话咨询干预措施.
- 评估是否解决抑郁症状,风险饮酒和体重问题可以改善戒烟的结果.
- 为了比较定制咨询与农村吸烟者之间的州烟草戒烟线路转诊.
主要方法:
- 一个多中心随机对照试验,参与358名农村吸烟退伍军人.
- 参与者接受了定制的电话咨询或戒烟线转诊,以及药物治疗.
- 主要结局:自我报告的7天点患病率禁欲 (PPA) 在3个月和6个月,通过素验证.
主要成果:
- 量身定制的辅导在3个月 (OR=1.66) 显著增加了PPA,但在6个月 (OR=1.35) 没有.
- 三个月的好处仅对参与者具有至少一个同时出现的担忧 (OR=2.02) 具有意义.
- 生物化学验证表明,自我报告的误报是最小的.
结论:
- 综合量身定制的咨询改善了农村吸烟者的短期戒烟,同时出现问题.
- 长期戒烟率没有显著改善,这表明需要持续的干预措施.
- 进一步的研究应该探索延长治疗持续时间以保持戒断效应.
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