在美国,空气污染和年龄相关的情绪行为变化影响了美国青少年早期的情绪行为
Claire E Campbell1, Devyn L Cotter1, Katherine L Bottenhorn2
1Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089-2520, USA.
Environmental research
|October 22, 2023
概括
这项研究发现,空气污染暴露 (PM2.5和NO2) 与9-10岁儿童的行为问题之间没有联系. 纵向分析显示,在两年内,内化或外化行为风险没有增加.
科学领域:
- 环境健康 环境健康
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 新兴研究表明,空气污染和发育行为问题之间存在联系,但研究结果不一致.
- 青春期是心理健康的关键时期,因此了解像空气污染这样的环境影响在这种过渡时期的行为至关重要.
- 需要纵向数据来澄清空气污染对随时间推移情绪和行为发展的影响.
研究的目的:
- 调查暴露于细颗粒物 (PM2.5) 和二氧化 (NO2) 能否缓和与年龄相关的内部化和外部化行为变化.
- 检查空气污染对特定行为综合征的影响,包括焦虑,抑郁,违规,侵略和注意力问题.
- 在过渡到青春期的美国儿童的大型全国性样本中分析这些关系.
主要方法:
- 利用了来自青少年大脑认知发展 (ABCD) 研究®的数据,这是一个大型,全国性的美国队列.
- 根据使用集成建模方法的参与者的住址,估计年平均PM2.5和NO2暴露.
- 采用零膨胀负二项式模型,对儿童行为检查表 (CBCL) 的纵向数据分析了三个时间点,并调整了社会经济和人口因素.
主要成果:
- 与最初的假设相反,该研究没有发现证据表明,在两年的随访期间,更高的PM2.5或NO2暴露与增加的行为问题有关.
- 在空气污染暴露和年龄之间没有观察到与内化或外化行为变化相关的显著相互作用.
- 特定的行为综合征,包括焦虑/抑郁,退缩/抑郁,违反规则,侵略性行为和注意力问题,与空气污染水平并没有随着时间的推移而产生关系.
结论:
- 这项纵向研究没有支持空气污染 (PM2.5,NO2) 暴露会在青春期早期加剧与年龄相关的行为问题增加的假设.
- 这些发现表明,在这个队列和暴露水平中,空气污染可能不是这个关键生命阶段行为发展的重要调节者.
- 进一步的研究可能是有必要的,以探索潜在的门,不同的污染物或特定的子群体,其中空气污染对儿童行为的影响可能更明显.
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