在乳牛中BCG疫苗接种Mycobacterium bovis的特定和非特异性影响
Catalina Contreras1, Raúl Alegría-Moran2, Mario Duchens1
1Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias y Pecuarias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
Frontiers in veterinary science
|October 23, 2023
概括
卡尔梅特-盖林菌 (BCG) 疫苗在杂交小牛中对牛结核病 (bTB) 具有58.5%的疗效. 它还提供了非特定的健康益处,建议将其用作补充的BTB控制工具.
科学领域:
- 兽医免疫学 兽医免疫学
- 传染病流行病学 传染病流行病学
- 动物健康经济学 动物健康经济学
背景情况:
- 由Mycobacterium bovis引起的牛结核病 (bTB) 在乳制品生产中带来了重大经济挑战.
- 在人类中使用的Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) 疫苗正在探索牛中的bTB控制.
- 接种BCG疫苗可以引起对M. bovis的特异性免疫力和对整体健康的非特异性影响.
研究的目的:
- 评估在智利的乳牛中BCG疫苗接种的特异性和非特异性影响.
- 使用IFNγ释放试验 (IGRA) 评估BCG疫苗的疗效及其对健康参数的影响.
主要方法:
- 通过使用ESAT6/CFP-10和Rv3615c抗原通过IGRA诊断M. bovis感染.
- 在接种疫苗和未接种疫苗的小牛之间比较牛奶产量,体细胞计数 (SCC),临床乳腺炎 (CM) 和保留的胎盘 (RP).
- 分析了品种 (霍尔斯坦弗里斯人与杂交) 和季节 (温暖与寒冷) 作为影响因素.
主要成果:
- IGRA显示了群体之间的显著差异,BCG疫苗在接种疫苗后18个月的杂交动物中有效率为58.5%.
- 虽然牛奶产量没有受到影响,但SCC和CM显示了群体差异,分别受到品种和季节的影响.
- 除了在寒冷的季节之外,BCG证明了对CM和RP的联合保护.
结论:
- 接种BCG疫苗对M. bovis感染产生特定的保护作用,对乳牛健康有非特定的益处.
- 动物品种和季节对BCG的保护作用的影响需要进一步调查.
- 接种BCG疫苗显示出作为牛中bTB控制的补充策略的希望.
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