免疫检查点抑制剂在患有先前存在的神经性自身免疫性疾病的患者中
Raissa Aoun1, Daniel Gratch2, David Kaminetzky3
1Department of Neurology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, 550 1st Ave, New York, NY, 10016, USA.
Current neurology and neuroscience reports
|October 23, 2023
概括
免疫检查点抑制剂 (ICI) 可以在患有神经系统自身免疫性疾病 (nAIDs) 的患者中引发复发,特别是严重肌痛性肌痛症. 在在这个人群中启动ICI之前,仔细评估风险和益处至关重要.
科学领域:
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 神经学 神经学
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
背景情况:
- 免疫检查点抑制剂 (ICI) 用于癌症治疗,但可能导致与免疫相关的不良事件 (irAEs).
- 患有自身免疫性疾病,特别是神经系统自身免疫性疾病 (nAIDs) 的患者,患有irAEs的风险更高,并且经常被排除在临床试验之外.
- 有限的数据存在于ICI安全性在患者具有先前存在的nAIDs如肌痛性硬化症 (MG) 和多发性硬化症 (MS).
研究的目的:
- 审查ICI在患有先前存在的nAIDs的患者中使用ICI的营销后经验.
- 讨论在ICI治疗后管理和减轻nAID复发风险的策略.
主要方法:
- 文献综合营销后数据和病例报告,关于ICI在nAID患者中的使用.
- 对报告结果的分析,重点关注nAID复发的发生率和严重程度.
主要成果:
- 患有先前存在的MG,肌肉炎和副发性脑炎的患者对ICI后的神经复发的敏感性很高,导致显著的发病率和死亡率.
- 多发性硬化症复发风险似乎低于MG,在没有最近炎症的老年多发性硬化症患者中,有可能安全使用ICI.
- 在吉兰-巴雷综合征 (GBS) 患者中报告了有限的神经系统恶化,主要是在ICI开始时急性病患者中.
结论:
- 在nAID患者中启动ICI需要与患者,瘤学家和神经学家进行彻底的风险-益处讨论.
- 管理策略应包括优化nAID疗法和建立早期复发检测和治疗的协议.
- 目前的证据在很大程度上是基于病例报告;需要前性研究来提高理解和指导临床实践.
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