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SARS-CoV-2 的抗原性和受体亲和力 BA.2.86 峰值
Qian Wang1, Yicheng Guo1, Liyuan Liu2
1Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA.
Nature
|October 23, 2023
概括
SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.2.86 亚变种显示出相关的突变,但与当前变种类似的人类免疫力逃避. XBB突破性感染血清可以提供对BA.2.86的保护.
科学领域:
- 病毒学
- 免疫学
- 流行病学
背景情况:
- 全球出现了一种新的严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2 (SARS-CoV-2) Omicron亚型,BA.2.86.
- 与其BA.2前身相比,BA.2.86在其尖端蛋白中具有34个新突变,引发了对免疫逃避的担忧.
研究的目的:
- 评估SARS-CoV-2 BA.2.86亚型的抗原性.
- 评估人类血清和单克隆抗体对BA.2.86的有效性.
- 确定BA.2.86对疫苗有效性的潜在影响.
主要方法:
- 使用不同感染和疫苗接种史的人类血清对BA.2.86抗原性的分析.
- 对BA.2.86和其他流通的变体 (XBB.1.5,EG.5.1) 进行中和活性测试.
- 评估BA.2.86对针对不同尖端蛋白表位的单克隆抗体的敏感性.
主要成果:
- BA.2.86与XBB.1.5和EG.5.1等目前占主导地位的变种表现出与人类血清相似的耐药性.
- 来自XBB突破性感染的个体的血清显示出强大的抗BA2. 86活性.
- BA.2.86对某些针对子域1和类2/3受体结合域表位体的单克隆抗体呈现出增加的耐药性,但对类1和类4/1表位体仍然敏感.
- 包括E554K在内的六种新突变被确定为抗体耐药性的贡献者.
- BA.2.86尖端蛋白具有较高的受体结合 afinity.
结论:
- 由于从现有的人体血清中逃离免疫,SARS-CoV-2 BA.2.86亚型似乎没有显著的生长优势.
- 即将推出的XBB.1.5单价疫苗可能提供对BA.2.86的交叉保护.
- 在BA.2.86的特定突变赋予某些单克隆抗体的耐药性,突出显示了持续监测和疫苗开发的需要.
- 由于BA.2.86的高受体亲和度和全球传播,需要继续监测.
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