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儿童甲状腺瘤和/或差异化甲状腺癌中的遗传变异景观:系统性审查
Maria Sharmila Alina de Sousa1, Isabela Nogueira Nunes1, Yasmin Paz Christiano1
1Genetic Bases of Thyroid Tumours Laboratory, Division of Genetics, Department of Morphology and Genetics and Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua Pedro de Toledo 669, 11 andar, São Paulo, SP, 04039-032, Brazil.
儿科分化甲状腺癌 (DTC) 的遗传变化因年龄而异,RET融合很常见. 了解这些遗传驱动因素是改善年轻患者精确健康方法的关键.
科学领域:
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 遗传学 是一个遗传学.
- 儿科 儿科 儿科
背景情况:
- 差异化甲状腺癌 (DTC) 在儿童中很少见,但患病率越来越高,特别是乳头甲状腺癌 (PTC) 亚型.
- 儿科DTC通常有很好的预后,尽管潜在的攻击性呈现.
- 儿科DTC的管理符合成人指导方针,强调基于临床和遗传因素的个性化治疗.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查儿童甲状腺瘤和诊断时的DTC中的遗传变化.
- 确定可以为全球预防,诊断和预后临床策略提供准确健康信息的遗传发现.
主要方法:
- 对儿童甲状腺瘤遗传变异的流行病学数据的系统审查.
- 分析特定基因融合和突变 (RET,NTRK,ALK,BRAF,TERT,RAS,DICER1) 的流行率和影响.
主要成果:
- 在儿科PTC中,RET融合是最常见的重组,其次是NTRK,ALK和BRAF.
- BRAF V600E突变在儿童中比成人PTC少,特别是在较小的儿童 (≤10岁) 中.
- 在良性和恶性甲状腺瘤中发现了DICER1单核酸变体 (SNV),这表明它可能在恶性转变中发挥作用.
结论:
- 融合瘤基因可能比BRAF V600E在儿科DTC中对瘤的攻击性有更大的贡献.
- 该研究发现了现有研究的局限性,并提出了建议,以加强全球精确健康倡议.
- 需要进一步的研究才能充分阐明像DICER1这样的基因变异在儿童甲状腺癌发展和进展中的作用.
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