马科动物家族中的十二个收费类受体 (TLR) 基因 - 比较基因组学,选择和进化
K Stejskalova1, E Janova1,2, P Splichalova1
1Department of Animal Genetics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary Sciences Brno, Brno, 61242, Czech Republic.
Veterinary research communications
|October 24, 2023
概括
这项研究分析了Perissodactyla中的托尔类受体 (TLR),揭示了保存的基因家族和进化模式. 研究结果强调了TLRs之间强烈的负选择,其中的变异表明适应各种病原体.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 进化生物学 进化生物学
- 基因组学就是基因组学.
背景情况:
- 收费类受体 (TLRs) 是先天免疫系统的关键组成部分,在人类和小鼠中进行了广泛的研究.
- 在非模型物种中,特别是Perissodactyla中,对TLR的知识仍然有限,这阻碍了比较进化研究.
- 佩里索达克提拉物种为研究由于各种息地和病原体暴露而导致的免疫基因演变提供了一个独特的模型.
研究的目的:
- 调查Perissodactyla顺序内的类似收费受体 (TLR) 基因的多样性和演变,特别关注马类家族.
- 识别和表征TLR基因家族,分析它们的遗传学关系,并评估作用于它们的进化压力.
主要方法:
- 在线基因组资源的生物信息分析,以确定Perissodactyla中的十二个TLR.
- 在九种马类物种中进行基因组DNA重新测序,以确认TLR序列.
- 测序cDNA,以确认家畜马的TLR11和TLR12的表达.
- 遗传学重建和分析进化分歧,选择压力 (负面和多样化) 和哈普洛型共享.
主要成果:
- 在Perissodactyla中确定并表征了12个TLR,在马中证实了TLR11和TLR12的表达.
- 遗传学分析揭示了六个TLR子家族,TLR4与TLR5聚集在一起,并在TLR1-6-10子家族中具有高序列身份.
- 在马类TLR中观察到较低的平均进化差异 (0.3%),特定的基因在某些物种之间显示出较高的差异.
- 在马类物种中发现了广泛的分类型共享,特别是在TLR3,TLR9和TLR6.
- 所有12个TLR基因都表现出强烈的负总体选择,表明功能性保护.
- 在大多数TLR的特定编码体中检测到多样化的选择特征,除了TLR8,病毒感应和非病毒TLR之间的模式不同.
结论:
- 该研究提供了对Perissodactyla中TLR基因进化的全面分析,揭示了保存的基因家族和进化模式.
- 在TLR中强烈的负选择表明功能重要性,而特定地点的多样化选择表明适应不同的病原体压力.
- 在Perissodactyla中对TLRs的比较分析提供了对哺乳动物先天免疫的演变的见解.
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