欧亚草原占主导地位的Triticeae草的基因组进化和初始繁殖中国草 (Leymus chinensis)
Tong Li1, Shanjie Tang1, Wei Li2
1State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and National Center for Plant Gene Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
概括
作为一个关键的料草,中国草 (Leymus chinensis) 现在已经得到了它的基因组测序. 基因编辑改善了与产量相关的特征,释放了生态恢复和农业的潜力.
科学领域:
- 基因组学就是基因组学.
- 植物科学 植物科学
- 进化生物学 进化生物学
背景情况:
- 中山草是一种欧亚草原中重要的多年生草,因适应性和料质量而受到重视,但由于繁殖有限而未得到充分利用.
- 缺乏基因改进阻碍了这一重要物种的生态恢复和料生产力潜力.
研究的目的:
- 为了产生一个高质量的基因组序列的中国虫 (Leymus chinensis),以促进遗传改进.
- 开发Leymus chinensis的遗传转换和基因编辑系统.
- 展示基因组资源和基因编辑用于特征改进的应用.
主要方法:
- 测序和组装7.85-Gb的莱姆斯chinensis基因组.
- 基因组学分析以推断基因组起源和全聚化事件.
- 开发一个基因转换系统和CRISPR/Cas9基因编辑管道.
- 使用CRISPR/Cas9.9对单特异性miR528进行有针对性的淘汰.
主要成果:
- 获得了一种高质量的基因组组件,具有很长的N50连接 (318.49 Mb).
- 大约529万年前,亚洛特拉普洛伊德基因组起源于一个涉及Psathyrostachys的交叉.
- 在全聚化后的转子子活动有助于基因组扩张和复杂性.
- 成功开发基因转换和基因编辑能力.
- 淘汰miR528增强了与产量相关的特征,包括耕者数量和生长速度.
结论:
- 高质量的基因组序列为Leymus chinensis的遗传改进和Triticeae的进化研究提供了至关重要的资源.
- 开发的基因编辑管道使得能够针对性地修改Leymus chinensis的特征.
- 通过miR528淘汰赛成功改善了与产量相关的特征,展示了基因组信息和编辑用于加速作物改进的实用性.
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