在三个执行职能领域中,白质微观结构和行为表现之间的与年龄相关的多变量关联
Jacey Anderson1, Vince D Calhoun2, Godfrey D Pearlson3
1Olin Neuropsychiatry Research Center, Institute of Living, 200 Retreat Ave, Hartford, CT 06106, USA.
Developmental cognitive neuroscience
|October 24, 2023
概括
青少年和年轻人的大脑发育显示出与白质变化相关的独特执行功能 (EF) 配置文件. 这些发现突出了认知能力和大脑结构成熟之间的复杂关系.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 认知科学 认知科学
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
背景情况:
- 执行功能 (EF),如工作记忆 (WM),响应抑制 (RI) 和设置转移 (SS) 在整个青春期和年轻成年期成熟.
- 这些认知变化与大脑结构的改变有关,特别是白质.
研究的目的:
- 调查EF能力与白质微观结构差异的成熟相关差异之间的关系.
- 探索这些关联如何从青春期转变为年轻成人.
主要方法:
- 扩散张力成像 (DTI) 用于评估白物质微观结构 (分数异构 - FA).
- 九项神经认知测试测量了120名12-24岁健康参与者的EF域 (WM,RI,SS).
- 一种多变量技术 (CCA+jICA) 融合了DTI和神经认知数据,以确定共变性模式.
主要成果:
- 确定了三个不同的EF-DTI概况,显示出发育变化.
- 一个配置文件显示了与年龄相关的转变,依赖于腹部与背部白质道进行设置转移.
- 另一个配置文件显示,与白质微观结构相关的强WM和弱SS的年龄加剧的模式.
- 第三个概况表明,年轻人具有低RI和高WM/SS技能,表现出与成熟相关的认知和白质变化.
结论:
- 新的多变量分析揭示了青少年和年轻成人发育期间复杂的大脑结构-认知关系.
- 在这个年龄段,特定的白质微结构差异系统地与不同的执行功能配置文件有关.
- 这些发现有助于理解执行职能的神经发育轨迹.
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