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在行星压力下对全球区域人类发展指数的空间差异分析和驱动因素的分解研究
Xinyan Lian1, Zongping Fu2, Jingquan Chen3
1School of Urban and Regional Science, Shanghai University of Finance and Economics, Shanghai, 200433, China.
Journal of environmental management
|October 24, 2023
概括
这项研究引入了行星压力调整的人类发展指数 (PHDI),以评估全球的人类发展和行星压力. 调查结果揭示了区域差异和影响可持续发展的关键驱动因素,强调经济和技术因素.
科学领域:
- 环境科学与可持续发展
- 人类发展研究 人类发展研究
- 全球经济学 全球经济学
背景情况:
- 人类活动对地球施加了巨大的压力,需要采取强有力的可持续发展措施.
- 现有的人类发展指标并不能完全解释行星压力.
- 联合国开发计划署在2020年提出了行星压力调整的人类发展指数 (PHDI).
研究的目的:
- 使用PHDI,在全球范围内标准化和比较1990年至2021年的人类发展数据.
- 分析全球七个地区的PHDI的空间差异.
- 剖析影响全球PHDI的驱动力,并确定可持续发展的途径.
主要方法:
- 利用行星压力调整的人类发展指数 (PHDI) 对7个地区的154个国家.
- 使用Theil指数来评估全球人类发展状况和空间差异.
- 构建了一种通用化代谢指数方法 (GDIM) 来分析驱动PHDI的绝对和潜伏因素,通过逐步回归验证.
主要成果:
- 在PHDI中观察到显著的区域差异,欧洲和东欧显示出更高的水平,其次是美洲,大洋洲,亚洲和非洲,具有改善潜力.
- 全球化正在减少整体PHDI差异,但区域间和区域内差异仍然存在.
- 经济,技术和人均福利效应积极推动PHDI,而环境压力,社会因素,人均附加值和碳强度则对其产生负面影响.
结论:
- 普华永道发展指数 (PHDI) 提供了一个可靠的指标,用于评估人类发展在行星压力的背景下.
- 需要有针对性的干预措施来解决区域差异,减轻可持续发展的负面驱动力.
- 经济,技术和福利方面的进步至关重要,但必须与环境和社会考虑保持平衡,以实现和的共存.
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