情绪波动改变了经济决策中的成本效益权衡
Roeland Heerema1,2, Pablo Carrillo3,4, Jean Daunizeau3,4
1Motivation, Brain and Behavior (MBB) Lab, Paris Brain Institute (ICM), Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, 75013, Paris, France. roelandheerema@hotmail.com.
Scientific reports
|October 24, 2023
概括
积极的情绪鼓励个人追求更大的回报,即使他们涉及更高的成本,如风险或努力. 这种情绪驱动的决策偏见可能导致看似不合理的经济选择.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 行为经济学是一种行为经济学.
- 心理学 心理学 心理学
背景情况:
- 情绪显著影响经济决策,往往导致被认为是不合理的行为.
- 现有的理论表明,情绪适应在自然环境中进化,通过偏向预期的奖励值来优化采食策略.
- 这些偏见甚至在人工环境中也可能存在,影响现代经济选择.
研究的目的:
- 通过偏向寻行动的预期价值来研究情绪影响经济选择的拟议机制.
- 实证测试积极或消极情绪状态是否对涉及风险,延迟或努力的选择产生不同影响.
- 量化情绪对立即,低成本奖励和延迟,高成本,高回报选择之间的决策的影响.
主要方法:
- 利用一种既定的情绪诱导范式来操纵参与者的情绪状态.
- 设计独立的经济选择任务,将小的,便宜的奖励与更大的,昂贵的奖励 (风险,延迟,努力) 对比.
- 采用了自适应算法,以持续调整选择选项以主观的冷漠点,最大限度地提高对情绪效应的敏感性.
- 招募了102名参与者,他们完成了两次任务,以评估与情绪相关的选择偏见.
主要成果:
- 积极情绪状态的参与者比负面情绪状态的参与者更倾向于选择更大,更有回报但更昂贵的选择.
- 这种情绪一致的偏差观察到不管成本是否涉及风险,延迟或努力.
- 计算建模表明,情绪引入了一个偏差,在做出决定之前,它增加了昂贵选项的预期价值.
结论:
- 偶然的情绪状态对经济选择产生系统的影响,使决策偏向于更高回报,更高成本的选择.
- 这些发现支持这样一个理论:情绪相关的偏见,在祖先的环境中可能适应,在现代经济环境中自动应用.
- 这种情绪驱动的偏见可以导致可预测的,但不合理的,在人工环境中的经济行为,在人工环境中,这种适应不再适应.
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