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确定从种植的麦中获得的强产量定量特征标志,用于改善 durum wheat

Amanda R Peters Haugrud¹, Jyoti Saini Sharma², Qijun Zhang³

¹USDA-ARS, Cereal Crops Research Unit, Edward T. Schafer Agricultural Research Center, Fargo, North Dakota, USA.

The plant genome

|October 25, 2023

概括

研究人员发现了改善 durum wheat (Triticum turgidum ssp. 的新型遗传基因位点. ) 通过与种植的米交叉来产生组件. 这项研究确定了强硬小麦中增强谷粒重量和大小的定量特征位置 (QTL).

科学领域:

植物遗传学和育种.
农业科学农业科学
提高作物质量提高作物质量

背景情况:

坚硬小麦 (Triticum turgidum ssp. 这种类型的麦) 对于意大利面生产至关重要,但对产量特性的遗传研究落后于面包小麦.
培养的 (T. turgidum ssp. 种类) 是一种. 硬小麦的祖先,提供了宝贵的遗传多样性的来源.
确定产量组件的遗传位置对于提高 durum wheat 的生产率至关重要.

研究的目的:

为了确定与 durum wheat 的产量组件和种子形态相关的定量特征位置 (QTL).
探索培养埃默的潜力,作为一种有益的基因变异来源,用于改善 durum wheat.
发现新的QTL,用于诸如尖粒数,粒度重量和粒度大小等特征.

主要方法:

评估两个双亲重组杂交同系 (RIL) 种群,这些种群来自硬麦和种植小麦之间的交叉.
在三个季节进行的实地试验,以评估产量组件和种子形态.
定量特征位置 (QTL) 映射用于识别与多个环境中观察到的特征相关的遗传位置.

主要成果:

在Ben × PI 41025 (BP025) RIL群中发现了44个多环境QTL,在RIL群中发现了34个Rusty × PI 193883 (RP883) RIL群中发现了34个.
从培养的母体中发现了新的QTLs,这些QTL与关键的产量组件有关,包括尖端粒数,谷物重量和谷物大小.
鉴定了五种与硬质原生相比,呈现出优越的谷物重量和大小的RIL,表明了理想特征的成功侵入.

结论:

从种植的麦中获得的新型QTL为改善 durum小麦产量和种子质量提供了有价值的目标.
确定了稳定的QTL和相关标记可以加速优质 durum小麦品种的育种.
这项研究扩大了用于改善 durum wheat 的遗传工具包,利用其祖先的多样性.

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